TE Connectivity Potter & Brumfield Relays 的 Definition Relay Spec Sheet 规格书

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- TE RELAY — PRODUCTS mam/wry

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 2

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 3

Handling, Processing, Testing and Use

Handling/Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 16

Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 16

Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 18

Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .page 19

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Specification

In order to improve performance and quality, we continuously develop our

products . We reserve the right to change technical parameters and product

specifications . The technical data listed are for description purposes of the

components only and are not an agreement and do not guarantee specific

characteristics and parameters; for detailed questions, please contact our

application support . Drawings, photos data and descriptions are subject to

change without prior notice .

Availability

The databooks and datasheets list a broad range of products and the

descriptive part code structure (product code) does allow a large number

of possible variations, but not all possible variations are defined as standard

types in the current product portfolio (product code) and thus may not be

included in the product range . Some products are normally maintained in

stock for immediate delivery, or are available within 'normal leadtimes for

industry'; however, there may be extended leadtimes for some non-stock

items . Special versions to customer specifications may be supplied .

Additionally, minimum quantity requirements apply and these requirements

may differ from indicated packaging units . Please consult with your TE sales

organization or authorized distributor regarding availability and minimum

order requirements .

Right to change the availability and delivery conditions reserved .

'Definitions', datasheets, product data, application notes and all specifica-

tions are subject to change .

Trademark

TE Connectivity, TE connectivity (logo), TE (logo), TE Tyco Electronics (logo)

AXICOM, OEG, P&B, Potter & Brumfield, PRODUCTS UNLIMITED and

SCHRACK are trademarks .

Technical data

Unless otherwise stated, the stated technical data are based on laboratory

tests under standardized conditions and are within the conditions of normal

use for these components . The vast number of influencing factors does not

allow TE to test its products for all imaginable applications and processes .

Furthermore, the large number of possible variations within a relay family

makes it impossible to give a comprehensive description of the different

characteristics for all variants in one datasheet . Typical data are derived from

the standard versions .

The decision on the suitability of a specific component is solely responsibility

of the user . To ensure the suitability of the product for a specific application

the user has to test these products before the use under the most stringent

conditions they will be exposed to in the actual application . Taking into

consideration the aspects of operational availability and safety, the user has

to rate the actual service life in an adequate relation to the expected life of

the relay .

The use of the relay beyond its specified characteristics or beyond suf-

ficiently tested life expectancy bears the risk of dangerous conditions; the

user has to prevent such conditions by adequate measures, being entirely

responsible in case of non-observance .

All product data are intended for users with knowledge and experience in

the application of such specifications . The utilization is at the entire risk of

the user .

The user has to verify the accordance with existing regulations and relevant

standards for the application; in particular with reference to the insulation

requirements as function of applied voltages and ambient conditions .

The standards (e .g . IEC 61810 'Electrical endurance') are based on the

principal assumption of occurences of malfunctions such as malfunction

to make contact, malfunction to break or as insufficient dielectric strength .

Such malfunctions have to be taken into consideration and must not ge-

nerate risks . Depending on the specific load, its characteristics and power

in the contact set, a relay malfunction situation may generate various risks

such as malfunction of the equipment and its controls, electrical shock, the

risk of excessive heat and fire and others . It is in the entire responsibility of

the user to provide for additional precautions against such possible effects

according to the relevant application standards .

Protection against risks under all operation conditions even in case of

malfunction can only be ensured by the design of the equipment as well

as by application instructions for the end user; it is the responsibility of the

manufacturer of the equipment to take the appropriate measures . Incorrect

connections by the user may lead to risks, faulty operation and abnormal

heating or fire . It is also the responsibility of the manufacturer of the equip-

ment to take appropriate measures to avoid potential danger of electrical

shock by preventing access to live parts of the relay including parts as

terminals and accessories .

General

While TE Connectivity and its affiliates have made every reasonable effort to

confirm the accuracy of the information contained in datasheets and cata-

logs, TE Connectivity cannot assure that this information is error free . For

this reason TE Connectivity does not make any representation or offer any

guarantee that such information is accurate, correct, reliable or current or

does not infringe any intellectual property rights . TE Connectivity reserves

the right to make any adjustments to the information at any time .

TE Connectivity expressly disclaims any implied warranty regarding

the information contained in the datasheets and catalogs, including,

but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness

for a particular purpose. TE Connectivitys only obligations and liability

with respect to its products are governed solely by the TE Connecti-

vitys Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale for these products or the

respective written agreement under which the products are supplied.

TE CONNECTIVITY WILL IN NO CASE BE LIABLE IN ANY CIRCUM-

STANCES FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL

DAMAGES OR LOSS OF PROFITS ARISING FROM OR IN CONNEC-

TION WITH THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN ITS DATASHEETS AND

CATALOGS OR IN CONNECTION WITH ITS PRODUCTS, INCLUDING,

BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE SALE, RESALE, USE OR MISUSE OF ITS

PRODUCTS. USERS SHOULD RELY ON THEIR OWN JUDGMENT TO

EVALUATE THE SUITABILITY OF A PRODUCT FOR A CERTAIN PUR-

POSE AND TEST EACH PRODUCT FOR ITS INTENDED APPLICATION.

TE Connectivity strongly recommends to monitor the life cycle of the product

and to verify the relevant failure mode per IEC 61810-1 .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly ‘ypes an vequest. @ c E Comormne' Europe'emwe‘ markmg vars ve‘amg m produm safe‘y m accordan Chma Ouamy Cemﬁcanon Cemen

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Bandwidth

The range of frequencies for which the performance falls within the specified

limits .

Bifurcated contact

See > 'Twin contact' .

Bistable relay, latching relay

In a bistable or latching relay the contacts remain in the last switching positi-

on once the coil input voltage is disconnected .

Bistable relays only require a short set respectively reset pulse and do not

need any energization once the switching position changed . Unless otherwi-

se stated the bistable relays can endure a permanent energization .

NOTE: for some relay series a permanent coil power supply is not permit-

ted; in this case the maximum energization duration or the required coil

power reduction is indicated in the respective datasheet .

Bistable relay, switching characteristics

In a bistable relay, the contacts remain in the last switching position after the

input voltage is disconnected .

NOTE: Unlike monostable relays which return to their predefined contact

rest state in case of power supply break down and thus might be showing

a fail safe behaviour, bistable relays do not automatically return to such

predefined position . Therefore the application and relay control has to be

designed to cover such situations and bistable relays should not be used in

applications that are rated according to ISO/TS 16949 7 .5 .3 'Product Identi-

fication and Traceability' .

NOTE: Even though the bistable relays are leaving production preferrably

in reset contact position, the position of the contact (set position/reset

position) is not defined at delivery unless otherwise stated . The user needs

to check the contact position and to set/reset the relay to the required

position .

Bounce

An unintentional phenomenon that can occur during the making or breaking

of a contact circuit when the contact elements touch successively and

separate again before they have reached their final position .

Bounce time

The time from the first to the last closing or opening of a relay contact .

Unless otherwise stated the indicated times are maximum values and are for

energization with rated voltage, without any components in series or parallel

to the coil, and at reference temperature . Also see > 'Relay cycles' .

Breaking capacity max.

Product of the switching current and switching voltage (in W for direct cur-

rent, in VA for alternating current) . Also see > 'DC breaking capacity'

Bridging contact

Double contact configuration, where two movable contacts are mechani-

cally connected and operate simultaneously . In a bridge configuration, the

load current flows from one stationary contact via the bridge to a second

stationary contact . See also table 'Contact arrangement' .

See > 'Form X contact', 'Form Y contact', 'Form Z contact' .

AC-coil

Relays for direct energization with AC supply . If not otherwise stated, the

data is given as Vrmsfor 50 Hz supply .

Adjacent contacts

Insulation parameters between two adjacent contact circuits (poles of a

relay), which do not have a conductive connection . The level of insulation

depends on the relays design, rated voltage and ambient conditions .

Ambient temperature (function, in operation)

The temperature in the vicinity of the relay (distance according to IEC

61810-1) .The minimum ambient temperature is the miniumum operating

temperature, the maximum ambient temperature is the maximum opera-

ting temperature for the use of the relay or accessory when operated . This

temperature range should not be exceeded; within the indicated tempera-

ture range the ambient temperature does influence the electrical endurance .

Ambient temperature range according to IEC 61810-1 and indicated in °C .

Unless otherwise stated data is referred to an ambient temperature of 23°C .

Approvals

With the approval label the independent approval agency and/or test house

confirms the compliance with the relevant product standards and/or certain

product characteristics .

NOTE: the ordering code structure does allow a large number of possible

variations, but not all variations are defined as standard types (ordering

codes) and thus some relays may not be included in the list of approved

relays . It is recommended that users also seek the pertinent approval files

of the agencies/laboratories and review them to ensure that the selected

product is filed and meets the requirements . Technical data and approved

types on request .

BBEAB British Electrotechnical Approvals Board, England

ECE

Conformité Européenne, marking for specifi c products

relating to product safety in accordance to Eur

opean Laws

CQC China Quality Certifi cation Center,

Peoples Republic of China

CCSA Canadian Standards Association, Canada

DDEMKO Danmarks Elektriske Materielkontrol, Denmark

FFIMKO Sähkötarkastuskeskus Elinspektionscentralen,

Finnland

HKEMA Naamloze Vennootschap tot Keuring van,

Electrotechnische Materialien, Netherlands

LLLOYD‘s Lloyd’s Register of Shipping

NNEMKO Norges Elektriske Materiellkontroll, Norway

OÖVE Österreichischer Verband für Elektrotechnik, Austria

SSEMKO Svenska Elektriska Materiellkontrollanstalten AB,

Sweden

SSEV Eidgenössisches Starkstrominspektorat, Switzerland

tTÜV Technischer Überwachungs-Verein, Germany

UUL Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., USA; UL Component

Recognition Mark for the United States

zUL UL Component Recognition Mark for Canada

UL UL Component Recognition Mark for the

United States and Canada

VVDE VDE-Prüfstelle, certifi cate of conformity with factory

surveillance, Germany

People’s Republic of China

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05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Coil insulation system according to UL1446

These requirements cover test procedures to be used in the evaluation of

electrical insulation systems intended for connection to branch circuits rated

600V or less . This standard refers to insulation systems and does not cover

individual insulating materials .

Coil Operative range (graph)

Admissible range of energizing voltage with respect to the ambient tempera-

ture . The upper limit is the maximum coil voltage, the lower limit is the ope-

rate voltage Umin (coil without pre-energization) and/or the operate voltage

U1 (pre-energized coil) .

The diagrams are valid for single mounting of relays without thermal inter-

ference and connection wiring according to IEC 61810-1; unless otherwise

stated the data is indicated without contact load, thus not taking into

account the temperature rise due to the contact current .

The use of a relay with an energizeing voltage other than the rated coil volta-

ge may lead to reduced electrical life (mechanical and dynamic effects) .

In case the application requires an energization with other than the rated

coil voltage and a recommended voltage range is indicated, the coil voltage

should be within the recommended voltage range (shaded area) to keep the

effects on electrical life to a minimum .

curve 1: operate-/minimal voltage U0 (without pre-energization)

curve 2: operate-/minimal voltage U1 (pre-energized coil)

curve 3: maximum voltage at contact current = 0 A

curve 4: limiting voltage U2 at rated contact current Irated

recommended voltage range (shaded area):

the coil voltage should be within the recommended voltage range

to keep adverse effects on electrical life to a minimum .

Coil operative range for bistable relays

curve 1: operate voltage at coil temperature equal to ambient temperature

curve 2: minimum reset voltage

curve 3: maximum operate voltage

curve 4: maximum reset voltage

For bistable relays, all curves are given for pulse energization (short energi-

zation duration) .

Category of protection (IEC 61810)

The ´Relay Technology Categories´ (IEC 61810) describe the degree of

sealing of the relay case or its contact unit:

RT 0: unenclosed relay

Relay not provided with a protective case .

RT I: dust protected relay

Relay provided with a case which protects its mechanism from

dust .

RT II: flux proof relay

Relay capable of being automatically soldered without allowing

the migration of solder fluxes beyond the intended areas . These

are the contacts, movable parts of the magnetic system and their

immediate environment .

RT III: wash tight (washable) relay

Relay capable of being automatically soldered and subsequently

undergoing a washing process to remove flux residues without

allowing the ingress of flux or washing solvents .

The test to evaluate the sealing of the case for wash tight relays is

performed according to the IEC 60068-2-17, Qc test .

NOTE - Please refer to the 'Processing' section for additional infor-

mation .

In service this type of relay is sometimes vented to the atmosphere

after soldering or washing process; in this case the requirements

with respect to clearances and creepage distances can change .

RT IV: sealed relay

Relay provided with a case which has no venting to the outside

atmosphere, and having a time constant better than 2x104s in

accordance with IEC 60068-2-17 .

RT V: hermetically sealed relay

Sealed relay having an enhanced level of sealing, assuring a time

constant better than 2x106s in accordance with IEC 60068-2-17 .

Changeover contact, CO contact

See > 'Form C contact, CO contact, changeover contact'

China RoHS compliance

See > 'Material substance specification' on TE's Website:

www .te .com/customersupport/rohssupportcenter .

Clearance distance

Shortest distance in air between two conductive parts or between a con-

ductive part and the accessible surface of the relay .

Coil data

The coil data is specified according to IEC 61810-1 .

Unless otherwise indicated the data is given for

■ ambient temperature 23°C,

■ coil temperature equal to ambient temperature (cold coil, without pre-

energization),

■ 50Hz for AC supply,

■ no other devices (e .g . diode) in parallel or in series to the coil

■ single mounting of relays .

Indicated data for the operative range class, is given for the minimum allo-

wed mounting distance .

Unless otherwise stated a duty factor of 100% (permanently operated) is

permissible .

Coil inductivity

The inductivity is a nonlinear parameter due to saturation effects and

depends, amongst others, on the position of the armature . The value of the

relay coil inductivity depends on the measurement method and its parame-

ters . Therefore the inductivity is not a generally guaranteed parameter; for

technical questions, please contact our technical support .

' E RELAY PRODUCYS mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

The most common are:

Form

description

Short

description

NARM

designator

Circuit symbol

Make contact Form ANO SPST-NO

Break contact Form BNC SPST-NC

Changeover

contact

Form CCO SPDT

Double make

on armature

Form U SPST-NO DM

Double break

on armature

Form V SPST-NC DB

Double make

contact

Form X SPST-NO DM

Double break

contact

Form Y SPST-NC DB

Double break,

double make

contact

Form Z SPDT-NC-NO

DB-DM

Triple make

contact

Form 3

Examples for descriptions of multi- pole configurations:

Multi pole

confi gurations Form

description

Short

description

NARM

designator

Circuit symbol

2 Make

contacts

2 Form A2 NO DPST-NO

3 Break

contacts

3 Form B3 NC 3PST-NC

4 Changeover

contacts

4 Form C4 CO 4PDT

Abbreviations

NO: normally open, NC: normally closed, CO: changeover

SPST: single pole, single throw, SPDT: single pole, double throw, DPST:

double pole, single throw

Contact current

See >

■ 'Rated current'

■ 'Limiting making current'

■ 'Limiting continuous current'

■ 'Limiting short-time current'

■ 'Limiting breaking current' .

Contact gap

Shortest distance between the open contact points .

Contact material

The list gives an overview of the most important plating- and contact materi-

als and their use in signal-, automotive and general purpose relays .

The switching capacity of the contacts and the respective electrical endu-

rance depends not only on the contact material but also to a high degree on

the relay design . Decisive for the application therefore is the optimal combi-

nation of the mechanical system and the contact material . The characteris-

tics for certain relay types cannot be transferred to other designs, nor can

Coil power

Power consumption of the coil at rated coil voltage and coil resistance, with

coil temperature at 23°C, given as rated typical value .

Coil resistance

Electrical resistance of the relay coil at reference temperature; this value is

indicated for the coil without any other devices in parallel (e .g . coil suppres-

sion, diode, etc .) .

Coil suppression circuit

Circuit to reduce the inductive switch off voltage peak of the relay coil (EMC

protection, switch off voltage peak) . Most of such circuits reduce the

armature release speed, which may decrease the relay lifetime depending

on the application load . Especially diodes or any pn-junction of the electronic

control system in parallel to the coil will significantly reduce the electrical

lifetime . Recommended that relay performance testings to be evaluated with

the suppression that will be used .

Note: unless otherwise specified the indicated relay data refers to coils

without any components in parallel or in series to the coil .

Coil voltage

Voltage applied across the coil terminals .

Coil voltage range

Voltage range at which the relay displays the operating characteristics .

These specified operating characteristics are given for a constant DC supply

or sinusoidal AC supply . Other operating conditions (e .g . pulse control,

ramp voltage, half wave rectifying, etc .) may lead to characteristics other

than specified .

Coil-contact circuit data

Insulation parameters between the coil system and the contact circuit/sys-

tem .

Combination of relay and socket, insulation requirements

The relay standard IEC 61810-1 has an important impact on the combina-

tion of a relay and the respective socket . The relay sockets have to comply

with the requirements of IEC 61984 and the insulation reqirements of the

IEC 61810-1 . Even if the socket alone fullfills or exceeds the insulation

reqirements as clearance/creepage for the relay, the combination of a relay

with a socket may reduce the creepage and lead to a lower rated insula-

tion voltage . Hence restrictions for the combination relay-socket may be

the consequence, e .g . a reduction of the voltage range or of the pollution

degree . Especially for miniature multi-pole relay and respective sockets with

small distance between the contact circuits, these restrictions have a big

impact .

Apart from the insulation properties, the thermal characteristics of the

combination relay and socket are of utmost importance (see > 'Derating

curves') . As sockets from different sources are not directly comparable, the

compliance with the technical specification can only be confirmed for an

approved combination relay-socket . As design details and characteristics

for non TE products are beyond our control, confirmations for technical

parameters and characteristics regarding such combinations is not possible .

Risks as reduced dielectric strength, fire hazard, etc . due to use based on

unclear or omitted data, limitations or restrictions must not be underestima-

ted .

NOTE: We only confirm the characteristics and parameters for the approved

combinations of relays and sockets as indicated in the catalog and datas-

heets .

Contact arrangement

Different applications require specific switching functions of the relay con-

tacts; various contact arrangements are specified and described in different

ways .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly Load Measuremem Conlac‘ Ierms Contad maxena‘s for the use m amomutwe apphcamns mm m

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Contact protection circuits

The effect of an electrical arc causes primarily local contact erosion resul-

ting in contact wear and migration and as secondary effect the generation

of adverse atmosphere inside the relay (see > 'Electrical arc' and 'Vent hole'

in processing section) . These effects eventually lead to the end of the useful

life of a relay . To reduce the negative effect of the electrical arc and thus

prolong the life of a relay, contact protection circuits are recommended .

This is especially important for switching of DC applications (e .g . automotive

applications) . The user has to ensure the correct design of the protection

circuit in the respective application, as unless designed correctly, the pro-

tection circuit may even generate adverse effects .

Contact rating

In context of our datasheets this term is primarily used in context with

ratings as tested/approved by external approval agencies whereas the term

'electrical endurance' is used primarily for internal test results . See > 'Electri-

cal endurance' .

Indicated contact ratings for direct wiring of relays (according IEC 61810-1);

for relays mounted on sockets or when using connectors deratings may

apply .

Contact resistance

Electrical resistance between the relay terminals of a closed contact,

measured with indicated measuring current and indicated source voltage .

The specified contact resistance is reached reliably only above a particular

load . Considerably increased contact resistances can occur with smaller

loads . After a prolonged period of a steady state operate/release position

or storage of the relay a certain number of cycles are recommended before

measurement of the contact resistance .

According to IEC 61810-7 the following measurement parameters are

applied (for general purpose relays category CC2 is applicable):

Category Load Measurement

VAVA

CC0 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.01

CC1 without electrical arc10 0.1

CC2 with electrical arc301

Contact style

On one side indicates the design of the contact point itself , see >

■ 'Single button contact'

■ 'Twin contact, bifurcated contact'

indicating the contact function, see >

■ 'Forcibly guided contact'

as well as the total configuration of the contacts within a relay

■ number of poles and

■ contact arrangement (see > 'Contact arrangement') .

Contact terms

Creepage distance

Depending on the insulation design, usually the shortest distance along the

surface of the insulating material between conductive parts according to IEC

61810-1 .

Cross talk

Signal interference between adjacent conductors caused by the pick-up of

stray energy .

these values be used as given limits for existing products .

1) Plating materials:

Fine gold

■ best corrosion resistance, not used as solid material because too soft,

high tendency towards cold-welding, not used or only used in combi-

nation with a material with resistance against cold welding . Gold alloys

(AuNi, AuAg, AuPd, AuCo)

■ gold platings ≤ 1 µm (gold flashed), only as storage protection, no

protection against aggressive atmosphere .

■ hard gold plated: very good corrosion resistance, low and stable con-

tact resistance at lowest loads, low tendency to cold welding

■ dry-circuit switching (switching without current/voltage), recommended

range of application ≥ 1 V, 1 mA, 50 mW .

2) Contact materials:

Silver-Palladium

■ high resistance against material transfer in signal DC circuits, low wel-

ding tendency, higher contact resistance than Ag

■ circuits with medium loads, DC- and AC-circuits, recommended for

telecommunication applications .

Palladium-Ruthenium

■ highest resistance against material transfer in signal DC-circuits, low

welding tendency, higher contact resistance than Ag

■ circuits with medium loads, DC- and AC-circuits, recommended for

telecommunication applications .

Silver-Nickel AgNi90/10

■ high resistance against electrical wear, low welding tendency, higher

contact resistance than AgNi0 .15

■ circuits with medium to high loads, DC- and AC-circuits, recommended

range of application ≥ 12 V, 10 mA .

Fine-grain silver AgNi0 .15

■ relatively low contact resistance, low resistance against aggressive

atmosphere

■ universally applicable in medium and low load range, especially in DC-

circuits, recommended range of application ≥ 12 V, 10 mA .

Silver-Tin-Oxide AgSnO2

■ low welding tendency, high wear resistivity with heavy loads, low mate-

rial transfer

■ circuits with high requirements to make- and break currents, DC- and

AC loads, recommended range of application ≥ 12 V, 100 mA .

Tungsten W

■ highest melting point, for high switching rates and low ON-time

■ as prerun contact in circuits with highest make loads .

Silver-Cadmium-Oxide AgCdO

■ compliant with RoHS directive (Directive 2002/95/EC) only under time

limited exception, therefore not recommended for new designs

■ low welding tendency, high wear resistance

■ for switching of inductive loads, AC-circuits, ≥ 12 V, 100 mA .

Contact materials for the use in automotive applications:

Current range Automotive load type

(DC load)

Recommended contact

material

Switching and carrying

0.5 A < I < 10 A at 12 V

In low power

applications

AgNi0.15 or AgSnO2

Periodical switching and

approx. 106 ops,

1 A < I < 10 A at ≥ 12 V

Long-life indicator

switches

AgSnO2

Switching and carrying

I > 10 A capacitive load

Lamps, Capacitors AgSnO2

Switching and carrying

I > 10 A resistive and

inductive load

Motors, Valves AgNi0.15 or AgSnO2

Switching high inrush

I > 100 A

Lamp (e.g. H4), Spark

plugs, short circuit

AgSnO2 in special cases:

AgNi20 or

Tungsten pre-contact

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly Derating curve E 15 ‘ ‘ E '4 , Weasmed va‘ue 3 ,aeva wq ewe § .2 , . we a 4 n ma v.5 ~6u an 400 mu Ammem xempevamve "c1

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Degree of protection - First digit:

The first digit of the IP code indicates the degree that connection is

protected against contact with moving parts and the degree that

equipment is protected against solid foreign bodies intruding into an

enclosure .

0 No special protection

1 Protection from a large part of the body such as hand or from solid

objects greater than 50 mm in diameter

2 Protection against objects not greater than 80 mm in length and 12 mm

in diameter

3 Protection from entry by tools, wires, etc ., with a diameter or thickness

greater than 2 .5 mm

4 Protection from entry by solid objects with a diameter or thickness

greater than 1 .0 mm

5 Protection from the amount of dust that would interfere with the operati-

on of the equipment

6 Dust-tight .

Degree of protection - Second digit:

Second digit indicates the degree of protection of the equipment inside

the enclosure against the harmful entry of various forms of moisture

(e .g . dripping, spraying, submersion, etc .)

0 No special protection

1 Protection from vertically dripping water

2 Protection from dripping water when tilted up to 15°

3 Protection from sprayed water

4 Protection from splashed water

5 Protection from water projected from a nozzle

6 Protection against heavy seas, or powerful jets of water

7 Protection against temporary immersion

8 Protection against complete continuous submersion in water (up to 1

meter deep for 15 minutes) .

Derating curve (sockets and relay-socket sets)

EN61984:2001 table 12: according to this standard the derating curve given

for a specific combination relay-socket and its accessories - indicates the

maximum permissible continuous current (limiting continuous current) of a

socket, loaded on all contact circuits, unless otherwise stated supplied with

rated coil voltage, over the entire temperature range, measured in dense

packing (usually 3 relay-socket sets) .

In case of reduced duty factor of the contact load or with higher mounting

distance up to single mounting, a higher load current is permissible . Please

contact our technical support for specific data . According to the standards

the derating curve is derived from the measured curve by applying a reduc-

tion factor of 0 .80 .

Other standards: the test conditions (e .g . UL508) differ from the EN stan-

dard, hence under these conditions other temperature/current combinations

may be permissible; please contact our technical support for details .

In case no derating curves are given, the indicated temperature and load

current refer to the approved standards for the specific product and not to

the EN61984 .

CTI

See > 'Tracking index' .

Cycle

Operation/set and subsequent release/reset of a relay .

Cycle time

Sum of ON and OFF time (make, break and bounce time) of a contact . See

also > 'Duty factor' .

dBm

Relative measure of signal power where the reference 0 dBm is equal to one

milliwatt . See also > 'Decibels' .

DC breaking capacity

Switching of loads at voltage and current below the max . DC load breaking

capacity curve is possible for a limited number of switching operations .

Unless otherwise stated, the indicated curves in the DC breaking capacity

diagram represent the load limit curve II (the arc extinguishes within 10ms

at resistive load) . The breaking capacity curve is affected in both position

and shape by the contact material and relay design (contact distance, break

speed of the contacts, etc .) . No statement on the electrical endurance can

be derived from these curves . For practical use it is recommended to keep

a distinct margin from the DC load breaking capacity curve .

■ Load limit curve (II) The switching arc for loads below this curve extin-

guishes within 10 ms (the relay is already in release position) . Unless

otherwise stated the indicated curve for DC breaking capacity relates to

the load limit curve II

■ Load limit curve (I) The switching arc of loads below this load limit curve

extinguishes during the transit time of the moving contact . This limit

is especially important for change over relays, when the NC and NO

contacts are at different voltage levels; if the arc does not extinguish

before reaching the other contact, the arc will establish a short circuit, a

situation that may lead to the destruction of the relay and equipment .

■ Load limit curve for arc-free switching . Load voltage/current combina-

tions below this load limit curve in general cause no arc or an arc with

max . duration of 1ms .

Unless otherwise stated the curves in the graphs refer to a 'load limit curve

II' .

I switching current

U switching voltage

load limit curve II

load limit curve I

limit for arc-free switching

0Imax

Umax

U [V]

I [A]

switching current

switching voltage

Decibel, dB

A relative and dimensionless unit calculated as ten times the logarithm to

the base of 10 of a power ratio .

Degree of protection (IEC 60529)

Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) for electrical equip-

ment .

Under certain circumstances this data is relevant for industrial relays and

accessories . For relays as components (e .g . PCB relays) the IP classifica-

tion is generally not used, see > Category of protection; there is no direct

correlation between the IP-code and the RT-category .

Definition of degree of protection (IP code) IEC 60529 outlines an internatio-

nal classification system for the sealing effectiveness of enclosures of elec-

trical equipment against the intrusion into the equipment of foreign bodies

(i .e ., tools, dust, fingers) and moisture . This classification system utilizes the

letters IP (Ingress Protection) followed by two digits .

-.' TE mnnerllvlly RELAY PRODUCYS

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Electrical endurance

Number of cycles a relay can perform with electrical contact load defined

under specified conditions according IEC 61810-1 and IEC 61810-2 . Unless

otherwise specified the electrical endurance refers to:

■ NO contact

■ AC mains, 50 Hz for general purpose relays (schematic for contact

loading A) ; 12 VDC for automotive relays

■ duty factor 50%

■ rated frequency of operation

■ resistive load

■ rated voltage (coil)

■ contact opening and/or closing not synchronized to line frequency

■ ambient temperature 23°C

■ no failsafe behaviour (see > 'Failsafe')

■ category of protection RTII - flux proof

■ individual mounting of relays without thermal interference and connec-

tion wiring according to IEC 61810-1, table 12 .

■ relay in upright position (terminals of a print relay pointing downwards) .

■ direct wiring of relays (according IEC 61810-1); for relays mounted on

sockets or when using connectors deratings may apply .

Unless otherwise stated, the electrical endurance is specified according to

severity level B according IEC 61810-2 . For relay failure modes see also >

Failure criteria . Any use beyond the specified electrical endurance is not in

scope of the specified data, the avoidance of such situation requires consi-

deration by the user .

Electrical endurance graph

The electrical endurance graph indicates the typical electrical endurance

with resistive load and 250 VAC rated voltage as “Mean Cycles to Failure”

(MCTF) according Weibull distribution . These statistical data do not guaran-

tee a minimum value; this data can be used to estimate the MCTF value .

Please note:

■ the graph for electrical endurance is only valid for the indicated contact

material (in case no contact material is specified, it is valid for the con-

tact materials as listed in the respective datasheet), it is not permissible

to deduce electrical endurance information for other contact materials .

■ it is not permissible to deduce electrical endurance information by

extrapolation beyond the range indicated by the curve . This applies

especially to the range below 0 .5 A as at this level the contact wear is

small and other failure modes are dominant .

For details please contact our technical support . Also see > 'Electrical

endurance' .

ELV compliance

See > 'Material substance specification' on TE's Website:

www .te .com/customersupport/rohssupportcenter .

Endurance

Electromechanical components as relays, are subject to wear (mechanical

and electrical) . For the reliability the typical bath-tub curve applies, hence

singular statistical failure events below typical reliability values may occur .

Environmental data and tests

Relays undergo extensive environmental tests . The selection of tests

depends on the product group and the intended application fields; e .g . for

automotive relays, common environmental tests are:

■ cold storage test, IEC 600 68-2-1

■ dry heat, IEC 600 68-2-2

■ climatic cycling with condensation . EN ISO 6988

■ temperature cycling, IEC 600 68-2-14 Na (shock), IEC 600 68-2-14 Nb

■ damp heat cycling, IEC 600 68-2-30 Db variant1

■ operational humidity, IEC600 68-2-38

■ corrosive gas, IEC 600 68-2-42

■ flowing mixed gas corrosion, IEC 600 68-2-60 Ke method 54

■ drop test, free fall, IEC 600 68-2-32 .

Environmental endurance

Generic term for the relay endurance under different climatic conditions .

Appropriate test conditions are classified in IEC 60068 .

Dimensions

Dimensions are indicated in mm and/or inches and are shown for reference

purposes only .

PCB pin dimensions are indicated without solder (pre-tinning) .

Dimensions, drawings

Technical drawings for product dimensions are using both ISO projections

(ISO Method E or ISO Method A) according to ISO/R 128 . In cases of

ambiguity the projection is defined by the respective international symbol

(see below) .

ISO Method E projection - symbol

ISO Method A projection - symbol

DIN-rail

Unless otherwise stated, our products for DIN-rail mounting are designed

and tested for DIN-rails according to TH35-7 .5 / EN60175 .

Use of other rails (e .g . according to TH35-15) is neither tested nor appro-

ved .

When mounting the sockets on a DIN-rail, assembling the socket acces-

sories and mounting/dismounting relays provide an adequate temperature

(unless otherwise stated -10°C to +40°C) during the mounting process .

Drop test, free fall

Relays are dropped from a specified height onto a solid ground; this simula-

tes the resistance to bad handling e .g . fall from a table . The test is to verify

that the component meets its specification . However we strongly recom-

mend to scrap dropped relays .

Dry switching

Defined as contact category 0 (CC0) according to IEC61810-1: a contact

characterized by a maximum contact voltage of 30mV and a maximum

contact current of 10mA . See also chapter 'Testing / diagnostics of relays' .

Dust-proof relay

Relay with a case to protect against penetration of dust . See > 'Category of

environmental protection (IEC 61810)' - RT I .

Duty factor, duty cycle

Ratio of the duration of energization to the total period in which intermittant

or temporary operation of the relay place . Duty factor is expressed as per-

centage of the total period at a specified frequency of operation; e .g . 30%

duty cycle means that the relay is operated for 30% during a cycle time .

ton

tcyc

df = ton

tcyc 100 (%) df Duty factor

ton On time

tcyc Cycle time

Electrical arc

Is an electric phenomenon caused by plasma current flow between opening

and closing relay contacts . An arc is generated by the electric energy of

the load circuit (turn off spark) or the voltage gradient at closing contacts,

ionizing the gas between the contacts and thus establishing an electrical

conductive path . The stability of the arc depends on various parameters

such as contact material, air pressure, contact gap, etc .

Apart from positive effect of the electrical arc as limitation of overvoltage

when switching of inductive loads, reduction and dissipation of electrical

load energy and electrical cleaning of contact surfaces, the arc locally

produces high temperature and causes contact erosion (also see > 'contact

protection circuits') . Special consideration has to be given to DC and high

frequency AC-circuits where, depending on the conditions (e .g . contact

gap) an arc of extended or infinite duration could occur; in this case the re-

lay may be destroyed due to the extreme thermal stress . Also the switching

of different voltages with a generation of an electrical arc and the switching

of reverse polarity on adjacent contact circuits of a multi-pole relay may lead

to non-extinguishing arcs .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Form C contact, CO contact, changeover contact

Compound contact consisting of Form A (NO, make) contact and a Form

B (NC, break) contact with a common terminal . On changing the switch

position, the contact previously closed opens first followed by the closing

of the contact that was previously open . For circuit schematic see table in

'Contact arrangement' .

Note: in case of a switching arc the NO and NC contact may be temporarily

electrically connected .

Form U contact

Two make contact configuration, with two electrically connected movable

contacts which operate simultaneously . As special version main contact

with pre-contact . See also table 'Contact arrangement' .

Form V contact

Two break contact configuration, with two electrically connected movable

contacts which operate simultaneously . See also table 'Contact arrange-

ment' .

Form X contact

Two make contact configuration with two electrically connected movable

contacts operating simultaneously . There is no external connection to the

armature . Also called bridge contact .

Form Y contact

Two break contact configuration with two electrically connected movable

contacts operating simultaneously . There is no external connection to the

armature . Also called bridge contact .

Form Z contact

A contact configuration with

■ two make contacts and

■ two break contacts

with two electrically connected movable contacts each operating simultane-

ously . There is no external connection to the armature . Also called bridge

contact .

Frequency of operation

Number of operation cycles (opening and closing of contacts) per unit of

time . The switching rate is usually indicated for switching under rated load;

unless otherwise stated at ambient temperature 23°C and without any

circuitry in parallel to the coil (no coil suppression circuit, e .g . diode) . With

contact loads considerably below rated load a higher frequency of operation

may be admissible . This has to be tested for the specific application . For

further assistance please contact our application support .

Full disconnection

Contact separation for the disconnection of conductors so as to provide the

equivalent of basic insulation between those parts intended to be discon-

nected . NOTE: there are dielectric strength and dimensional requirements

regarding the relay design but also referring to the connection, wiring and

design on the outside of the relay .

Halogen content

See > 'Material substance specification' on TE's Website:

www .te .com/customersupport/rohssupportcenter .

Immersion cleanable/sealed relays

See > 'Category of protection (IEC 61810)' - RT III .

Relays which are sealed against the penetration of specified PCB cleaners

or protection lacquers; for more information refer to chapter 'Processing

Information' .

Impedance, Z0

Characteristic property of a transmission line describing the ratio between

electric and magnetic fields .

Failure criteria

Set of rules used to decide whether an observed event constitutes a failure .

A contact failure is the occurence of break and/or make malfunctions of a

contact under test, exceeding a specified number .

Failure mode

The IEC 61810 defines a relay failure as occurrence of malfunctions, excee-

ding a specified number:

■ malfunction to make

■ malfunction to break (contact bridging on a CO contact as a special

form of malfunction to break), or as

■ insufficient dielectric strength .

Such malfunctions have to be taken into consideration and must not ge-

nerate risks . Depending on the specific load, its characteristics and power

in the contact set, a relay malfunction situation may generate various risks

such as malfunction of the equipment and its controls, electrical shock,

the risk of excessive heat and fire and others . It is in the responsibility of

the user to provide for additional precautions against such possible effects

according to the relevant application standards .

Standards (e .g . IEC 695-1-1'Guidance for assessing fire hazard of electro-

technical products') are based on the principal assumption of heating

effects and risk of fire in case electrical currents of certain magnitude being

conducted and switched . Our relays are manufactured with self extingu-

ishing plastics corresponding to the up-to-date technology and standards

requirements . Protection against excessive heat and possible spread of fire

under all operation conditions even in case of malfunction can only be ensu-

red by the design of the equipment as well as by application instructions for

the end user; it is the responsibility of the manufacturer of the equipment to

take the appropriate measures . Incorrect connections by the user may lead

to risks, faulty operation and abnormal heating or fire . It is also the responsi-

bility of the manufacturer of the equipment to take appropriate measures to

avoid potential danger of electrical shock by preventing access to live parts

of the relay including parts as terminals and accessories .

NOTE: Relays normally do not have a failsafe behaviour . See > 'Failsafe'

Failsafe

Failing behaviour with definite failing characteristic, e .g . component always

fails with contacts do not open . Electromechanical relays normally do not

have a failsafe behaviour

Flux proof/suitable for processing on soldering lines

See > 'Category of environmental protection (IEC 61810)' - RT II .

Force guided contact

Contact configuration according to EN61810-3 (formerly EN50205) with at

least one NO contact, one NC contact and a mechanically linked system,

designed that the NO and NC contacts within the complete contact set are

never closed at the same time, even in case of malfunction . These relays are

implemented in the control of safety technology for the protection against

damage to persons or objects .

See > 'Relays with force guided contacts' .

Form 3 contact, triple make contact

Three make contacts configuration with three electrically connected movab-

le contacts operating simultaneously . There is no external connection to the

armature . See also table 'Contact arrangement' .

Form A contact, NO contact, normally open contact

A contact that is open when the relay is in its release condition (unenergized

position for monostable relays) and which is closed when the relay is in its

operate condition . For circuit schematic see table 'Contact arrangement' .

Form B contact, NC contact, normally closed contact

A contact that is closed when the relay is in its release condition (unener-

gized position for monostable relays) and which is open when the relay is in

its operate condition . For circuit schematic see table 'Contact arrangement' .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

NOTE that this is not necessarily the current that can be switched over the

specified lifetime . Unless otherwise stated the data for relays is given under

following condition: all contacts equally loaded with the respective current,

input voltage 110% of nominal coil voltage, max ambient temperature, mini-

mum allowed mounting distance, test conditions according to the heat test

arrangement IEC EC 61810-1 Annex B . In combinations with accessories/

sockets the limiting continuous current is specified by the derating curve

(see > 'Derating curve') .

Limiting making current, inrush current

The limiting making current expressed as a current with a power factor of

1 .0 (resistive load) a contact is able to make under specified conditions; for

20 ms data expressed as peak value, for 4 s data expressed as rms value .

Unless othwerwise stated the data refers to the Form A contact (NO con-

tact), rated voltage and a current for a duration of max . 20 ms for at least

100 cycles or 4 s with duty factor of 10% .

Inrush current for some loads can be significantly higher than its specified

steady state current . For these load types the inrush current has to be within

the limits for the limiting making current . Typical examples for loads with high

inrush currents are all type of lamps (incandescent, halogen, fluorescent,

etc .) as well as motors, solenoids, transformers and capacitive loads .

Limiting short-time current, Overload current

This test is done to confirm, that our relays withstand normal overload con-

ditions, e .g . withstand short circuit conditions until a fuse opens .

For automotive applications, current and time are compatible to circuit

protection by a typical automotive fuse according to ISO 8820-3 (2002) as

shown in the table below . Relay will carry the specified currents at 23°C

(Irated = rated current as given in contact data section for each relay) .

Test current in A Operating time in seconds

Minimum Maximum

6.00 * Irated 0.02 s 0.20 s

3.50 * Irated 0.08 s 0.50 s

2.00 * Irated 0.25 s 5.00 s

1.35 * Irated 0.75 s 1800 s

1.10 * Irated 100 h No requirement

For mains fuses and fuses other than automotive, customers have to refer

to the respective standards (mains condition, prospective short circuit, etc .)

to test for their application .

Limiting voltage (coil)

The highest permissible input voltage (coil voltage) at the reference tempe-

rature at which the relay, with continuous energization and, unless otherwise

stated under rated contact load, heats up to its max . permissible coil

temperature .

Load dump

Short relay use at overvoltage (disconnection of the battery during running

engine) .

Load dump test

Short relay use under overvoltage conditions (simulated disconnection of

the battery with charging alternator) .

Magnetic system

Magnetic systems can be categorized by the switching characteristic

■ monostable relays return automatically to the rest position (release

state) after the coil is de-energized .

■ bistable relays maintain their switching position after the energization or

input voltage is disconnected . See > bistable relays

and the design of the magnetic circuit:

■ neutral (non-polarized) relays operate independently of the polarity of

the applied voltage (coil voltage)

■ polarized relays use an additional magnet within the magnetic circuit

and therefore only operate with a specific polarity of energization .

■ remanent bistable relays adopt a particular switching position following

an energizing direct current in any direction and are then held in this

position by the remanence in the magnetic circuit .

Industrial relays and accessories

Relays and accessories are designed for use in closed and electrically secu-

re switching cabinets . In these applications lower standard requirements of

the insulating properties of components could apply .

CAUTION: These products are to be handled by trained personnel only .

Initial contact resistance

Contact resistance measured at the time of production/final testing . Prolon-

ged storage and adverse environmental conditions (e .g . gases) can lead to

increased resistance values . The effect of electrical cleaning due to sufficient

load can bring the contact resistance back to lower levels .

See > 'Contact resistance' .

Initial dielectric strength

Voltage (rms value in AC voltage, 50 Hz 1 min) the insulation can withstand

between relay elements that are insulated from one another, measured at

the final production test .

Initial insulation resistance

Electrical resistance (initial product condition) measured by applying a DC

voltage of 500 V between two elements of a component that are insulated

from one another as measured at the final production test .

The requirements according to IEC 61810-1 are:

■ for functional insulation > 2 MOhm

■ for basic insulation > 2 MOhm and

■ for reinforced insulation > 7 MOhm .

Initial pulse withstand voltage, initital surge voltage resistance

Amplitude of a voltage impulse of short duration with a specified impulse

form (e .g . 1 .2/50µs) and polarity applied to test insulation paths in a relay,

especially where relays are subject to overvoltage situations (e .g . effects of

lightning) .

Insertion cycles

The symbol A indicates that the insertion and extraction must be done

without any load current on the relay/socket contacts .

Unless otherwise stated the accessories are designed for max . 10 insertion

cycles, insertion and extraction without load; A (10) .

Insertion loss

The loss in load power due to the insertion of a component at some point

in a transmission system . Generally expressed in decibels as the ratio of

power received at the load before insertion of the apparatus to the power

received at the load after insertion .

Insulation

Unless otherwise stated, the insulation characteristics are indicated for the

relay component, the design of the application, mounting and wiring also

has to provide for required insulation properties .

In general, the relays are designed to be used within enclosures; the relay

surfaces are not to be accessible for direct contact by the end user . Specific

insulation requirements of the equipment and protection egainst environ-

mental effects need special consideration .

Jump start test

Short time relay use at higher system voltages (like car start after flat vehicle

battery) .

Latching relay

See > 'Bistable relay' .

Limiting breaking current

The max switching current the contact is intended to break under specified

load conditions . The switching current must not exceed the indicated rated

current . For DC switching also see > 'DC breaking capacity' .

Limiting continuous current

Is the highest steady state load current a relay or an accessory can with-

stand continuously while satisfying specified temperature rise requirements;

it is identical with the limiting continuous thermal current Ith .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Minimum energization duration

Minimum duration the coil needs to be energized with rated DC voltage .

Un-

less otherwise stated the proposed minimum energization duration is 100 ms .

Minimum recommended contact load

The minimum contact load a relay can reliably switch/carry depends on

the relay design and used materials; there is no physical limit as for the

definition of a minimum switching voltage or current . The indicated value is

a recommendation, it is influenced by switching frequency, required contact

resistance and its stability over time and ambient conditions . Low contact

resistance is reached reliably only above a particular load, considerably

increased contact resistance can occur with lower loads .

■ Signal relays are capable to carry and switch minimum contact loads in

the range of the thermoelectric potential which is approx . 100µV .

■ General purpose relays are designed for category CC2 loads according

IEC61810; basically these relays are designed for switching loads with

the effect of switching arcs . Specific insulation requirements however

may call for the use of general purpose relays in applications with low

signal loads or for dry switching (switching without the generation of an

electrical arc) . NOTE that increased contact resistance may occur if the

load conditions are not in scope of the test conditions for category CC2

according IEC61810 . Also see the minimum contact loads recommen-

ded for the different contact materials .

■ Automotive relays usually are switching higher DC loads with switching

voltages above the fritting voltage and with switching power within the

contact cleaning effect of an electrical arc .

Minimum recommended switching power

Product of switching current and switching voltage for reliable switching .

Low contact resistance is reached reliably only above a particular load,

considerably higher contact resistances can occur with smaller loads .

Minimum set/reset duration

Minimum duration a bistable coil needs to be energized with rated DC

voltage .

Minimum voltage (coil)

For

■ monostable relays see > 'Operate voltage'

■ bistable relays see > 'Set voltage' and 'Reset voltage' .

Monostable, neutral relay, non-polarized relay, polarized relay

A relay is called monostable when its contacts return automatically to the

rest position (release state) after the coil is de-energized .

Non-polarized relays operate independently of the polarity of the applied

voltage (coil voltage) whereas polarized monostable relays only operate with

a specific polarity of energization .

Mounting

Describes specific mounting options of the relay . See >

■ 'Through-hole-technology (THT)'

■ 'Through-hole-reflow (THR)'

■ 'Surface mount technology (SMT)

■ for Mounting on DIN-rail (relays and accessories) see > 'DIN-rail' .

See also > 'Mounting' in the processing section .

Mounting distance

The distance between two adjacent relays in parallel and unidirectio-

nal mounting according to IEC 61810-1 or distance to other electrical

components including the pc-board . Insulation requirements may stipulate

an increase to the minimum distance between the relays or to choose a

different placement .

If not otherwise stated the product data refers to relays in 'single mounting' .

In addition to this definition we use:

■ dense packing: relays mounted at minimum distance; this minimum

distance is defined by the requirements of the insulation coordination

at rated voltage 230 VAC, and/or by mechanical requirements for the

mounting of the relay (e .g . use of sockets)

■ single packing: relays mounted at a distance without any thermal im-

pact of adjacent relays or components .

Make-before-break contacts

Contact mechanism where Form A contacts (normally open contacts) close

before Form B contacts open (normally closed contacts) .

Material group of insulation parts

Categorization of insulation materials according to their tracking indices,

according to IEC 60664-1 .

Material substance specification

For material information regarding ELV, China RoHS compliance, European

RoHS compliance, Halogene and REACH refer to product specific informati-

on on TE's Website: www .te .com/customersupport/rohssupportcenter .

Max. coil power

The highest permissible input power at the reference temperature at which

the relay, with continuous energization, heats up to its max . permissible coil

temperature . Unless otherwise stated the data is indicated without contact

load .

Max. coil temperature

As general term refers to the max . approved coil temperature, measured by

change of resistance method .

UL classifies max . coil temperatures according to UL1446; this standard re-

fers to insulation systems and does not cover individual insulating materials:

■ class B - max . 130°C

■ class F - max . 155°C .

Maximum energization duration

Maximum duration a coil may be energized with rated DC voltage; energi-

zation beyond the indicated duration will overheat the coil system and the

relay .

Max. insertion force total

The force during the insertion of the relay into the socket has to be applied

in insertion direction (no tilting) and equally on all connections . The maxi-

mum applied force must not exceed the indicated max . insertion force .

Max. operate/reset duration

Maximum duration a bistable coil may be energized with rated DC voltage .

Max. switching voltage

Maximum voltage that may occur between the switching contacts before

closing or after opening the contact . Data given for AC refer to Vrms in a mid-

point earthed 3-phase supply system .

Maximum energization duration

Maximum duration a coil may be energized with rated DC voltage; energi-

zation beyond the indicated duration will overheat of the coil system and the

relay .

Maximum voltage (coil), Umax

The highest permissible input voltage (coil voltage) at the reference tempe-

rature at which the relay, with continuous energization and without contact

load, heats up to its max . permissible coil temperature .

Also see > 'Limiting voltage' .

MCTF - Mean cycles to failure

Expected value of the distribution of operations to failure, average number

of operations according to Weibull .

Mechanical endurance

Number of cycles without contact load during which the relay remains within

the specified characteristics .

NOTE that the failure criteria for mechanical endurance are not the same as

for electrical endurance, therefore the value for mechanical endurance has

no relation and cannot be directly compared to electrical endurance for very

low loads!

Mechanical life

See > 'Mechanical endurance' .

-: TE mnnerllvlly RELAY PRODUCYS Product marking/specials A [33] Cauhmv‘rnvmwmbohndmale .gene \pu me we of nsk , 'eﬁev m we SDemhca'mr/datz sheex my dexaﬂs RCad 'M'mr'mr‘s 4» § ~yrr‘co‘ mien m \mvurlanl mmvmauuu w we ve‘peclwe use sheets 0 pemhcahon Swwbo‘ «m NO coma 5mm mra NC Conant swam «ov a co cumacl Sw‘vbo‘ «m «mum gmdcd camel 3C1 Sw'vbo‘ io'caﬂ winrmmr

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Packaging unit

Minimum delivery quantity (e .g . per carton/plastic bar) and quantity per box .

Additionally, minimum quantity requirements apply and these requirements

may differ from indicated packaging units . Please consult with your TE sales

organization or authorized distributor .

PCB

Printed circuit board .

Peak inrush current

See > 'Limiting making current' .

Pre-contact, pre-make contact

Contact with two operating contact points usually of different material, with

one contact switching prior to the other one . Pre-make contacts are used

mainly for high inrush currents .

Product code

The ordering code structure does allow a large number of possible varia-

tions, but not all possible variations are defined as standard types (ordering

codes) and thus not included in the product range .

Special versions to customer specifications can be supplied . Please contact

your local sales organization .

Product date code

Printed on the product . Indicates the date of production of the product; the

most common format is 'year+week', 'yymm' (e .g . 0412 indicates pro-

duction in 2004 week 12); this code may be followed by additional related

information .

Product marking/specials

For information on production date code see > 'Product date code' .

Protection class

See > 'Degree of protection (IEC 60529)' .

Protection to heat and fire

Data of the flammability class according to the UL 94 (Underwriters Labora-

tories, Inc ., USA) specification .

UL 94 flammability testing, conducted on plastic materials to measure

flammability characteristics, determines the material’s tendency either to

extinguish or to spread the flame once the specimen has been ignited .

According to IEC61810-1, all plastic materials have to fulfil the Glow Wire

test requirements with min . 650°C .

PTI

See > 'Tracking index' .

Push-to-test button, test tab

For manual operation of the relay . The test button is to be used for test

purposes of an equipment or installation . The push-to-test button is not de-

Mounting position / Placement

Unless other restrictions are stated the relays can be mounted in any direc-

tion . The relay connections have to be fully contacted and with adequate

cross-sections to ensure the current flow and heat dissipation .

For the arrangement of the relays the insulation requirements, heat dissipati-

on and the magnetic interrelation have to be taken into consideration .

MTBF - Mean time between failure

Expected value of the distribution of the time between failure . For compo-

nents with limiting failures due to wear (e .g . contact wear), see > 'MCTF-

Mean cycles to failure' .

Nominal power (coil)

See > 'Rated coil power' .

Nominal voltage (coil)

See > 'Rated coil voltage' .

Normally closed contact, NC contact

See > 'Form B contact, NC contact, normally closed contact' .

Normally open contact, NO contact

See > 'Form A contact, NO contact, normally open contact' .

Open contact circuit data

Insulation parameters of the contact circuit .

Operate

Process in which a relay shifts from the release/rest condition to the operate

condition .

Operate state, operate condition

For a monostable relay, specified condition of the relay when it is energized

by the specified energizing quantity and has responded to that energization .

For a bistable relay, it refers to the condition other than the release/reset

condition as declared by the manufacturer .

Operate time (DC coils)

The time interval that elapses from energizing a monostable relay in the rest

state with the rated voltage (pulse or square signal) at an ambient tempera-

ture of 23°C to the moment when the last output circuit is closed or opened

(bounce time not included) . The operate time varies with the applied coil

voltage and the ambient/coil temperature .

This definition refers to DC-coils only, due to the dependency of the phase

angle considerably longer operate times may occur with AC magnetic

systems .

Operate voltage

Value of coil voltage at which a monostable relay operates . For bistable

relays see > 'Set voltage' .

Operate voltage U1

Value of the coil voltage at which a relay operates, having previously

been energized at the same voltage and with rated contact load (ther-

mal equilibrium has to be achieved) .

Operate voltage without preenergizing U0

Minimum permissible input voltage at which the relay operates, for a coil

temperature equal to the reference temperature (23°C coil temperature

without preenergizing) .

Operation

One switching cycle including energizing and de-energizing of the relay coil .

Operative range

According to IEC 61810-1 .

Class 1: 80% . .110% of the rated coil voltage (or range)

Class 2: 85% . .110% of the rated coil voltage (or range)

For diagram specification see > 'Coil operative range' .

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05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

function diagram below shows the different cycles for the most important

relay configurations of undelayed power relays . Unless otherwise stated the

indicated times are maximum values, the cycles specified apply to DC-coils

energized with rated voltage (without any components in series or parallel to

the coil) and at the reference temperature .

See

■ 'Operate time'

■ 'Release time', 'Reset time'

■ 'Bounce time'

■ 'Minimum energization duration'

Relay with force guided contacts

The compliance with regulations for the safety of persons and material is

imperative in our technical world . National and international regulations take

various risks into account . These safety standards also make demands on

components which share with their function the safety level of a plant, ma-

chine or the equipment . For relays being used for safe contact monitoring

purposes the contacts have to be linked mechanically in a way, that NO and

NC contacts must not be closed at the same time . It has to be ensured,

that over the entire life and even in case of malfunction (e .g . contact wel-

ding) the open contact gap will be at least 0 .5 mm . Relays with force guided

contacts comply with the requirements of EN61810-3 (formerly EN50205) .

Release

Process in which a monostable relay shifts from the operate state back to

the rest state .

Release state (normal position)

Switch position of a non-energized monostable relay .

Release time

The time interval that elapses from the point of time at which a monostable

relay in the operating state has the rated voltage disconnected to the point

of time at which the last output circuit has closed or opened (not including

the bounce time) . Unless otherwise stated the indicated times are maximum

values and are valid for energization with rated voltage, without any compo-

nents in series or parallel to the coil, and at reference temperature .

Release voltage

The input voltage at or below which a monostable relay releases to the rest

state at the reference temperature .

Reliabilty

Electromechanical components as relays, are subject to wear (mechanical

and electrical) . For the reliability the typical bath-tub curve applies, hence

singular statistical failure events below typical reliability values may occur .

signed for standard ON/OFF operations, for continuous electrical operation

in the manually set ON state, and is not to be used as a switch .

Before operating the test tab, the operator has to make sure that the load

and any other connected item will operate safely .

As safety functions of the equipment might be bypassed and reduced

insulation requirements apply, the test button is to be operated by trained

personnel only .

Quick connect terminals (spade terminals)

The connectors indicated in the datasheet may be used for the connection

to the relay . When using this connector type the given plug cycles and the

maximum permissible current have to be taken into consideration . The

connector and wire cross section have to be selected so that under the

current load the increase of the temperature at the connector point must

not exceed 45 K . For high contact currents it is recommended to solder the

connection .

Furthermore the correct insulation of the connectors/plugs have to be

respected .

Rated coil power

Product of coil current and voltage at rated coil voltage (in mW or W for DC-

coils and in VA for AC-coils)

Rated coil voltage, Nominal voltage (coil)

Rated voltage at which the relay displays the operating characteristics, given

for a constant DC supply or sinusoidal AC supply . Other operating condi-

tions (e .g . pulse control, ramp voltage, half wave rectifying, etc .) may lead to

characteristics other than specified .

Rated current

Current a relay can switch on and off and a relay or accessory can carry un-

der specified conditions . Unless otherwise defined the rated current covers:

■ contact current, switching current

■ limiting continuous current: For a relay the specified conditions are

defined under contact ratings; see > contact ratings . For accessories

the rated current is specified for a duty factor of 50% at rated frequency

of operation and at ambient temperature 23°C; the respective derating

curves should be followed .

Rated values

Standard values the relay is designed for . Values are used to classify relays .

Rated voltage (contacts)

Voltage between the switching contacts before closing or after opening of

the contact .

REACH SvHC compliance

See > 'Material substance specification' on TE's Website:

www .te .com/customersupport/rohssupportcenter .

Reference temperature

Unless otherwise indicated the reference temperature refers to an ambient

temperature of 23°C ('room temperature' ) . Also see > 'Coil data' .

Reference values

Reference values for all tests according to IEC 61810-1 .

Reflection loss, Return loss

The part of a signal which is lost due to the reflection of power at a line of

discontinuity .

Reinforced insulation

A single insulation system applied to live parts which provides a degree

of protection against electric shock, comparable to a system comprising

basic insulation and supplementary insulation (refer to IEC 61810-1, Type of

insulation) .

Relay cycles

Due to the self induction of the coil and the inertia of the parts to be mo-

ved, on activating a relay the operations do not take place suddenly . The

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Shock resistance (destruction)

This test is used to evaluate the resistance of the relay to heavy mechanical

shocks leading to a permanent damage to the relay . This test is performed

according to the IEC 60068-2-27, Ea test .

Shock resistance (function)

This test is used to evaluate the resistance of the relay to mechanical

shocks such as those that could occur in transport or during operation (no

opening of closed relay contacts with a duration >10 µs) . This test is perfor-

med according to the IEC 60068-2-27, Ea test .

Data valid for all relay axes unless otherwise stated . Nevertheless it is

recommended to avoid shock especially in armature and contact movement

direction .

Single contact

Contact system with one contact point per contact member (contact blade) .

Single/double throw contact

A single throw contact connects one common line (movable contact) to one

load line (stationary contact) . See > 'Form A contact' and 'Form B contact' .

A double throw contact switches one common line between two stationary

contacts, for example between a NO contact and a NC contact . See >

'Form C contact, CO contact, changeover contact' .

Single/double/multi pole

A single pole relay connects one common line (movable contact) to one

load line (stationary contact) .

A double pole relay switches two, electrically disconnected common lines

with two electrically independent load lines (like two separate make relays);

the same stands for multi-pole relays, the number of poles indicate the

number of independently switches load lines .

Switching of different potentials on adjacent contact circuits of a multi-pole

relay is permitted as long as the sum of applied voltages does not exceed

the rated insulation voltage .

The switching of different voltages with the generation of an electrical arc

and the switching of reverse polarity on adjacent contact circuits of a multi-

pole relay without contact separated chambers however is not permitted .

The contact load has to be connected to the same contact side .

Sockets and accessories

All listed sockets and accessories have been tested and approved only with

the indicated relays from the TE product range .

For combinations of sockets with other relays with similar design and pin-

ning TE cannot take responsibility for any malfunction .

Also see > 'Combination of relay and socket' .

Soldering temperature/time, IEC 60068-2-20

See > 'Resistance to soldering heat' .

Solid insulation

Solid insulating material between two conductive parts .

Steady state current limit

See > 'Limiting continuous current' .

Stripline

A type of transmission line configuration which consists of a single narrow

conductor parallel and equidistant to two parallel ground planes .

Switching capacity

See > 'Switching power' .

Switching current

See >

■ 'Rated current'

■ 'Limiting making current'

■ 'Limiting breaking current' .

Reset

Process in which a bistable relay returns from the operate state back to the

rest state .

Reset state

Switch position of a bistable relay as specified by the manufacturer . Unless

otherwise stated the reset state is the contact position where the normally

open contacts (form A, NO contact) are open and the normally closed con-

tacts (form B, NC contact) are closed . Please note that the contact position

for bistable relays is not defined at delivery .

Reset time

The time interval that elapses from the point of time at which a bistable relay

in the operating state has the rated voltage (applied in the opposite direction

for 1-coil systems and to the reset coil for 2-coil systems) to the point of

time at which the last output circuit has closed or opened (not including the

bounce time) .

Reset voltage

The input voltage to a bistable coil for reset to the rest state at the reference

temperature . Please note the wiring diagram and the polarity (see > 'Bista-

ble relay') .

■ Reset voltage max .

The input voltage that must not be exceeded to a bistable coil for reset to

the rest state at the reference temperature .

■ Reset voltage min .

The input voltage that has to be applied to a bistable coil for reset to the

rest state at the reference temperature .

Resistance to soldering heat

According to IEC 60068-2-20, method 1A .

Rest state

Switch position of a monostable relay in the unenergized state .

For bistable relays see> 'Reset state' .

RoHS - Directive 2002/95/EC, EU RoHS compliance

Directive on the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (Directive 2002/95/

EU, RoHS directive) restricting the use of certain materials as Lead (Pb),

Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), hexavalent Chromium (Cr6), polybrominated

Biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated Diphenylethers (PBDE) .

'Compliant'

indicates that the entire product group is compliant with the RoHS

directive and none of the above materials is intentionally added and/or

below the limits set forth in the directive .

'Compliant versions'

indicates that certain products within the respective product group are

compliant with the RoHS directive . The RoHS compliant selection is

indicated together with the information on the RoHS compliance . Some

products of that product group however do contain materials (e .g . Cd)

listed above and thus are not compliant with the RoHS directive .

Safety relay

See > 'Relay with force guided contacts' .

Sealed relay

See > 'Category of protection (IEC 61810)' - RT IV and RT V .

Set time

The time interval that elapses from operating a bistable relay with the rated

voltage (pulse or square signal) at an ambient temperature of 23°C to the

moment when the last output circuit is closed or opened (bounce time not

included) . The operate time varies with the applied coil voltage and the

ambient/coil temperature .

Set voltage

Value of coil voltage at which a bistable relay operates . For monostable

relays see > 'Operate voltage' .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Definitions (Continued)

Through-hole technology (THT)

An assembly process for mounting components where terminals are passed

through supported (plated through) or unsupported (bare) holes in an inter-

connection substrate . Normally, traditional wave soldering is used with THT

components .

Tracking

Progressive degradation of a solid insulating material by local discharges to

form conducting or partially conducting paths .

Tracking index

■ PTI - Proof tracking index - numerical value of the proof voltage ex-

pressed in volts which a material in test can withstand without tracking

under specified conditions (according IEV 212-01-45) .

■ CTI - Comparative tracking index - numerical value of the maximum vol-

tage expressed in volts which a material in test can withstand without

tracking under specified conditions (according IEV 212-01-45) .

Transit time

The movement time of the armature after opening of one contact set (e .g .

NC) before closing of the other (e .g . NO) of a changeover relay . See >

'Relay cycles' .

Twin contact, bifurcated contact

Contact with two simultaneously operating contact points . Twin contacts

increase the contact reliability considerably, especially when switching low

currents and voltages (dry circuits) and/or are used for reduction of contact

resistance . Bifurcated contacts are twin contacts with the two contact

points on one contact member (contact blade) .

Urtd

See > 'Rated voltage' .

Vibration resistance (destructive)

This test is used to evaluate the resistance of the relay to heavy mechanical

vibration leading to a permanent damage to the relay . This test is performed

according to the IEC 60068-2-27, Ea test .

Vibration resistance (functional)

This test is used to evaluate the resistance of the relay to harmonic me-

chanical oscillations such as those that could occur in transport or during

operation . No opening of closed relay contacts or closing of open relay

contacts with a duration >10 µs is allowed to occur during the test . This

test is performed according to the IEC 60068-2-6, Fc test . Unless otherwise

stated the values refer to a frequency range 30 . . .150 Hz .

Voltage drop

Effect of contact resistance, measured as voltage drop across closed con-

tacts . See > 'Contact resistance' .

VSWR

Abbreviation for 'Voltage Standing Wave Ratio' . The ratio of the maximum to

the minimum voltage set up along a transmission by reflections .

Wash tight/immersion cleanable

See 'Category of protection (IEC 61810)' - RT III .

Relays that can be cleaned together with the printed circuit board after

soldering . The washing requires a suitable solvent . The term „immersion

cleanable/wash tight“ is not identical with „hermetically sealed“!

Unless otherwise stated the relays are wash tight according to Qc2 IEC

60068-2-17, tested with a water immersion test at max . ambient tempera-

ture for 1 minute .

Contact our technical support for suitable solvents and washing parame-

ters . The user needs to verify the compatability of lacquer, solvants and

drying process .

Switching power

Product of the switching current and switching voltage (in W for direct cur-

rent, in VA for alternating current) .

Switching rate

See > 'Frequency of operation' .

Switching voltage

See > 'Rated voltage (contacts)' .

Switching voltage max.

See > 'Max . switching voltage' .

Terminal assignment

For historical reasons and due to typical application nomenclature (e .g . relays

in automotive applications) different terminal assignment schemes are used:

Terminal assignment to IEC 67

The terminals are identified by consecutive numbers . Please note that

two digit identifiers exist in both the IEC 67 and the EN 50005 identifi-

cation systems and may have different meaning .

Terminal assignment to EN 50005: the terminals are defined by a two digit

code:

for the coil terminals 'A1', 'A2' are used

for contacts the first number indicates the pole, the second number

indicates the function

1 for the movable form C, CO contact,

2 for the form B, NC contact,

4 for the form A, NO contact

e .g . a terminal '24' indicates the form A, NO contact of the second pole

of a relay .

Automotive relays

Quick connect style coil and load terminals ISO relays may be numbe-

red according to two different standards, the terminals have the same

location and function . The respective numbers are:

1 or 86 for the first coil pin;

2 or 85 for the second coil pin;

3 or 30 for the common load pin;

4 or 87a for the form B, NC load pin;

5 or 87 for the form A, NO load pin .

NOTE that the terminal assignment graphs are indicated either 'bottom

view' (as seen from the solder wave side of pcb's, pin side of the relays) or

'top view' (as seen from the component side of single sided pcb's or the

cover side of a relay) .

Terminal torque, screw type terminals

For screw type terminals the maximum indicated screw torque must not be

exceeded .

No torque must be applied to any other terminal types of relays or accessories .

Test voltage/dielectric test voltage/dielectric strength

Voltage applied during dielectric (high voltage) tests between intentionally

not electrically connected parts of the relay .

Thermal resistance

Relay parameter measured in Kelvin per Watt, which relates the consumed

power with the respective temperature increase in the state of thermal equi-

librium measured without load and without components in parallel or in line

to the coil . Multiplied with its power consumption (at the actual coil tempera-

ture) it indicates the temperature rise of the coil above ambient temperature .

Thermoelectric potential

Voltage at the relay terminals of a closed contact resulting from a tempera-

ture difference of the different metal junctions (terminal, spring, contacts, . . .)

inside the relay .

Through-hole reflow (THR)

An assembly process, where THT components are soldered in a reflow pro-

cess instead of traditional wave soldering (also referred to as pin-in-paste) .

For details see chapter Processing Information .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Handling, Processing, Testing and Use

Processing

Testing

For electrical incoming inspection tests refer to sections > 'Contact resis-

tance', 'Diagnostics of relays' and 'Storage' .

During incoming inspection and respective handling, special care has to be

taken not to bend the relay terminals . The degradation of sealing properties

up to internal failures (e .g . breaking of coil wires) could be the consequence .

Handling during processing

Relays are high precision components, sensitive to mechanical stress and

abusive handling . Care must be taken when handling the relay during all sta-

ges of production . Do not exert any pressure on the pins .

Manual handling

■ the relays have to be removed from the packaging in on orderly way

■ processing of relays in bulk is not permitted

■ when relays are manually handled and placed on PCB’s, special

attention must be paid, not to drop relays onto the floor or other hard

surfaces (e .g . assembly tables) . Once dropped, there is a risk of high

mechanical shock and potential damage of the relay; these relays

should not be used anymore . In case of relays assembled to long wires

or harnesses any mechanical shock due to whiplash effect has to be

avoided .

■ open packages, tubes or splice reels with care: after prolonged storage

at higher temperature there is a risk of relays sticking to the stopper

plugs of tubes and for reels the loose end of the tape shall not drop to

the floor .

■ special care must be taken, that the terminals of the relays are not bent .

Straightening of bent terminals and pins is not allowed .

■ do not exert undue force (e .g . by hand tools) when inserting the relays

onto a pcb or into a socket .

Automatic handling

■ the mechanical stress caused by handling and/or force of automatic

feeders or robots has to be adjusted to avoid mechanical damage (e .g .

cracking of the relay case, detaching cap from relay base) .

■ the clamping force shall not exceed the values given for x, y, z direction,

in order to provide for the proper internal function of the relay . The force

shall be applied in the largest possible area . Picking in the dashed area

would be preferred . Unless otherwise stated the clamping force should

not exceed 5 N in any of x/y/z direction .

■ do not excert undue force when inserting the relays onto a pcb or into a

socket .

Mounting on PCB's

■ the relays have to be removed from the packaging in an orderly way,

processing of relays in bulk is not permitted . Dimensions and pcb

layout indicated in the datasheet are indicated for the manual place-

ment on the pcb's . For automated pick-and-place we refer to detailled

component drawings .

■ unless otherwise stated the relay can be mounted in any position . The

relays can be further processed in the industry standard commercial

soldering and cleaning (for suitable products) plants .

■ when inserting the relay into the PCB, do not exert any pressure or use

undue force or torque on the pins as this may compromise the pin seal

or affect the integrity of the coil connections .

■ no pressure should be exerted on the relay cover and terminal pins after

the relay has been inserted in the printed circuit board .

■ after insertion in the printed circuit board, the terminal pins must not be

bent or twisted for fixation or attachment . Bending or applying mecha-

nical stress to the pins may affect the relay parameters . Bending the

terminal pins of sealed relays (wash-tight, immersion proof, sealed) may

damage the sealing . However, if fixing must be carried out before sol-

dering, please contact our application support . Also see > 'Clinching' .

Electromechanical relays are one of the most robust and reliable compo-

nents . To achieve the specified performance some precautions must be

taken during transportation, storage, handling, processing and testing .

CAUTION: ANY TRANSPORT, PACKAGING, HANDLING OR USE DIF-

FERENTLY THAN HEREIN RECOMMENDED BY TE MAY CAUSE RISKS

AND IN THIS SITUATION SHALL BE ENTIRELY BORNE BY USER.

Handling / Logistics

Transport

During transport, care has to be taken to avoid excessive shock and vib-

ration . Mechanical stress can lead to changes in operating characteristics

or to internal damage of the relay (see > 'Vibration and shock resistance') .

When a potential excess of mechanical stress is suspected (e .g . damaged

packaging, dropped packages or relays, etc .), the relays should be checked

and tested before use .

Packaging

Depending on the relay type and design and with regard to specific requi-

rements various packaging types and technolgies are used for shipment of

our products .

■ THT and THR relays

are packed in trays, cardboard or plastic tubes with stoppers on both

sides of the tubes . For unpacking from plastic tubes the plugs on both

sides shall be removed to prevent any relays sticking to the plugs and

possible falling down onto the pick place .

■ SMT relays

the standard packing are blisters tapes wound on a reel (tape & reel)

and dry packed in order to prevent the relays from humidity . The SMT

relays should be kept in these containers for storage and should be

removed from the box just only before the assembly process preferrably

at the SMT assembly line . The boxes are equipped with shock absor-

bers, which protect the relays from mechanical impacts .

■ Industrial relays are packed in trays or in tubes .

Handling

Modern relays are high precision components, sensitive to mechanical

stress and abusive handling . Care must be taken when handling the relay

during all stages of production .

■ special attention must be paid, not to apply mechanical shock, e .g . by

dropping relays onto the floor or other hard surfaces (e .g . assembly

tables) . Once dropped, relays should not be used anymore and shall be

scrapped . In case of relays assembled to long wires or harnesses any

mechanical shock due to whiplash effect has to be avoided .

■ care has to be taken when opening tubes to prevent relays from falling

out or during splicing of reels, where the loose end of the tape should

not drop to the floor .

■ special care must be taken, that the terminals of the relays are not bent .

Straightening of bent terminals and pins is not allowed .

■ handling or processing of relays in bulk is not permitted .

Storage

Generally TE's products should not be exposed to extreme high tempe-

ratures, high humidity or damaging media such as sulphurous, acid or

basic atmospheres . Unless other specific requirements are documented,

TE recommends in accordance with IEC 60068-1 a standard atmospheric

conditions a storage temperature between 15 and 35°C (59 to 95°F) and a

relative humidity between 25 and 75 % .

Dry packed SMT relays: when the packing is opened, the relays must be

soldered within a defined time frame, indicated by the moisture sensitive

level MSL (max time from opening the bag to soldering) . When the open

time is exceeded, remaining relays shall be dry repacked, or the relays must

be dried before soldering .

For more information, refer to our application notes in the internet .

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Handling, Processing, Testing and Use (Continued)

Sealed type washable relays:

■ Such relays are capable of being automatically soldered and subse-

quently undergoing a washing process to remove flux residues without

allowing the ingress of flux or washing solvents

■ Sealing complies to IEC 60068-2-17; Test Qc: method 2, the relay will

withstand a bubble test at 70°C for 1 min

■ See also > 'Chemical Cleaning'

■ Avoid designs with considerable thermal mass below the relay (e .g . high

number of solder filled interlayer connections) .

Soldering, wave soldering

The automated soldering process has to be controlled carefully in order not

to impair the performance of the relays . Flux resistant and sealed relays can

be used with most dip or wave soldering processes . The solder level has

to be adjusted so that it does not flood the printed circuit board surface .

The pre-soldered pins are suited for standard soldering processes with Pb-

solder as well as for Pb-free solder processes .

Leadfree processing:

■ for processing of relays under leadfree conditions refer to the indicated

'resistance to soldering heat', exceeding the limit may have negative

impact on relay parameters . We recommend that leadfree processes

should be carried out using SnAgCu-solder . The solder bath tempe-

rature for i .e . double wave soldering should be in the range of 250 to

260°C .

■ the solder bath temperature should not exceed

- 270°C for 10 s for flux-proof relay versions (RT II)

- 260°C for 5 s for wash-tight and sealed relays (RT III and higher) .

■ for other bath temperatures and solder time (e .g . higher solder bath

temperature with reduced dipping time) contact our technical support .

SnPb processing

■ for this process refer to maximum permissible temperatures at the

terminals according to CECC 00802 . For SnPb Eutectic Process we

recommend a maximum peak temperature Tp < 225°C . For Pb-free

processing we recommend a maximum temperature Tp < 245°C .

These soldering temperature profiles indicate the Pad/Pin temperature .

Soldering, reflow soldering

Unless otherwise stated the soldering should be carried out according to

the recommendation of IEC 60068-2-58 and according to the recommen-

dations of CECC 00802 .

Please note that in some cases the ambient temperature may be conside-

rably higher on top area of the relay component . In this case the component

temperature should not exceed 260°C . Check for specific mounting con-

ditions . In addition the time, parameter tL (time span for temperature above

preheating temperature) should be below 150 s .

In general, electromechanical relays should be soldered at the lower pro-

cess limits of a soldering process .

Soldering, manual soldering

The relay programme offers products with various terminal styles . Some

products with solder lugs are specifically designed for manual soldering

whereas some products (e .g . with quick connect terminals) are not intended

to be soldered . Most PCB mount relays are designed for processing in a

wave soldering process . For manual soldering and repair the soldering time

should be kept to a minimum and no mechanical force or torque must be

applied to the relay terminals .

Unless otherwise stated we recommend for manual soldering a soldering

temperature of 300 to 350°C for a maximum soldering time of 3 s .

Cooling

After wave or reflow soldering, the assemblies should be cooled in order

to reduce thermal stress and to minimize the pressure difference between

inside of the relay and ambient . Do not change the temperature suddenly,

especially avoid thermal shock for the hot relay . Do not cool down by using

cold liquids or aerosols . In case of thermal shock, the relay sealing could

break and through micro-cracks cleaning fluid with dissolved flux might be

sucked inside the relay; such ingress of liquids into the relay can lead to

failures in operation .

Mounting of relays and accessories on sockets and DIN-rails

When inserting the relay onto sockets, do not exert undue force on the relay

and/or pins (e .g . indicated max . insertion force) .

Reduced ambient temperature ranges may apply for mounting and handling

of sockets and accessories (mounting on DIN-rail, assembly of retaining

clips, mounting/dismounting of relays etc .); unless otherwise stated provide

a temperature of -10°C to +40°C for ambient and parts for such mounting

processes .

Clinching

Terminals should not be bent to hold the relay in place on the PCB to aid

flow soldering . Bending or cutting the pins after insertion generates extreme

mechanical stress, especially in the case of rectangular PCB terminals .

Neither the relay performance nor sealing of flux resistant and plastic or her-

metically sealed relays can be guaranteed if the terminals have been bent .

Also see > 'Mounting on PCB's'

Fluxing

Fluxing has to be carefully considered depending on the type of relay .

■ Sealed relays, wash-tight relays:

these relays may be processed on all standard commercial fluxing,

solder and cleaning equipment for this type of electrical and electrome-

chanical components .

■ Unsealed relays, open relays, dust-proof relays:

should be hand soldered to avoid flux contamination of the relay .

Flux should be used sparingly and evenly and joints examined after

soldering . If flow soldering is used however, the flux level has to be set

so that it merely touches the bottom of the PCB and only wets the

underside of the printed circuit board . It must not flood onto the upper

surface of the PCB . This is particularly critical if multilayer PCB are used

and there are unused holes under the body of the unsealed relay, the

flux should only be visible as foam flux through any open perforations in

the printed circuit board . If the printed circuit board is flooded by flux,

bursting flux bubbles can lead to contamination in open relays and,

consequently, to failures . To protect against corrosion, no acidiferous

flux should be used .The recommended flux types are 1 .1 .3, 1 .2 .3 or

2 .2 .3 according to DIN EN 29454 T .1 or type F-SW 32 to 34 to EN

29454-1 (ISO 9454-1) .

If there is any doubt about the fluxing process, sealed relays (wash-

tight, plastic or hermetically sealed) should be used .

Acidic fluxes are not suitable for open relays due to the risk of corrosi-

on, especially inside the coil .

Preheating

During preheating for common wave soldering processes, the temperature

of the upper surface of the printed circuit board should not exceed 130°C

(EN61760-1) . Excessive exposure to high temperatures may affect the relay

characteristics . NOTE that any not completely dried flux might evaporate in

an explosive reaction and sputter; ensure that no flux penetrates the insides

of open relays .

Soldering

The soldering process has to be controlled carefully in order not to impair

the performance of the relays . No external force to be applied on the pins

during the soldering process .

Our relays can be processed in commercial soldering and washing installati-

ons (if classified as washable) . They cover the following regulations:

Flux tight type relays; open relays without cover:

■ Solderability according to IEC 60068-2-20, Test Ta, method 1, aging 3:

4 hours at 155°C, dewetting

■ Resistance to soldering heat according to IEC 60068-2-20, test Tb, test

method 1A

Sealed type open vent hole relays:

■ Solderability according to IEC 60068-2-58; dewetting

■ Resistance to soldering heat according to IEC 60068-2-58

- - TE RELAY — PRouucrs mnnerllvlly

05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Handling, Processing, Testing and Use (Continued)

■ for the protective lacquering and varnishing of the mounted printed cir-

cuit boards, we recommend single-component lacquer (epoxy-based) .

Suitable are Epoxy, Urethane and Fluorine coatings . Silicon containing

laquer or potting compound must not be used!

■ we recommend a coating technology that avoids uncured varnish in the

surrounding of the relay .

■ the maximum drying temperature should be 70°C .

■ the user has to conduct thorough testing with their processes, used

lacquers, coatings or casting compound . Solvants may damage the

component case or compromise their sealing properties .

■ do not allow de-varnishing of PCB for repair, if unavoidable the relay has

to be replaced .

NOTE:

■ Lacquer or potting compound containing silicon MUST NOT be used!

■ Coatings, especially potting compounds may impact the heat dissipa-

tion of the relay . Therefore it is necessary to conduct thermal tests of

relays in potted assemblies .

Vent hole, nip-off pin, opening

Most PCB relays, reflow solderable relays as well as THR and SMD relays,

are provided with a closed vent hole on top of the cover (removable sealing

pin on relay cover) .

Inside a sealed relay certain load conditions (e .g . heavy loads with generati-

on of pronounced arcing) and/or extreme ambient conditions can generate

aggressive atmosphere (diffusion, arc ionization), corrosive condensate or

overpressure . To avoid such conditions and a possible reduction of electrical

endurance a gas exchange with the atmosphere is advised . To allow the

gas exchange, break off the vent hole or nip-off pin .

Silicone

Materials containing silicone or its derivatives must not be used in any form

in or near to processing and packaging of subcomponents and the final

relay assembly . Silicone and its derivatives are not allowed in the material of

any component in the vicinity of the relays .

Silicone atmosphere can diffuse through the relay housing and cause con-

tact failures, siliceous compound deposits can create an insulating abrasive

layer on the contact surface .

Contamination can occur with all silicone-based materials before and after

cure (contain silicone volatiles), silicone aerosols, silicone fluids, grease and

hand cream, etc . .

Some types of signal relays are suited for application in Silicone environ-

ment, however the suitability MUST be verified; please contact our applica-

tion support .

Testing

During incoming inspection, special care has to be taken not put mechani-

cal stress on the relays and terminals and not to bend the relay terminals;

internal failure or long term effects as a result of a degradation of sealing

properties could be the consequence .

Bistable relay, incoming and in-process testing

In a bistable or latching relay the contacts maintain the last switching positi-

on when the coil input voltage is disconnected .

NOTE that even though the bistable relays are leaving production prefer-

rably in reset contact position, the position of the contact (set position/

reset position) is not defined at delivery or after transport . Thus, at the time

of incoming and in-line testing, the customer needs to check the contact

position and to set/reset the relay to the required position .

Cleaning, chemical

Preferrably a non clean flux process should be used; in this case there is no

need to wash the PCB and we recommend avoiding washing processes in

order to protect the environment . If cleaning is necessary, certain precau-

tions have to be taken:

Flux tight type relays and sealed relays with open vent hole:

■ immersion cleaning is not possible with these types of relays . Only the

soldered side of the PCB (THT) should be cleaned and care has to be

taken not to allow washing solution to flood the PCB surface to prevent

penetration of solvent and dissolved flux into the relay . Any other

cleaning method involving potential contamination of unsealed relays

must be avoided .

Sealed relays (wash-tight, sealed and hermetically sealed), closed vent-hole:

■ do not stress the terminals mechanically before or during the mounting,

soldering or cleaning process

■ the PCB should be allowed to cool prior to the washing process to avo-

id thermal shock and potential damage to the seal as well as a pressure

difference (see > 'Cooling')

■ the printed circuit must be washed in a timely manner after the solde-

ring process

■ do not lower the temperature while the relay is in contact with any

liquid, e .g . some residue of cleaning medium can be between relay and

PCB

■ modern cleaning equipment uses water or alkaline solutions, if other

cleaning solvents are used, ensure that the chemicals are suitable

for the relay . The use of unsuitable solvents can cause cracking or

discoloring of the plastic parts . Suitable solvents include isopropyl

alcohol (alcohol-based solvents), water with wetting agents . Unsuitable

solvents are, e .g ., acetone, ethyl acetate, aqueous alkalines, phenolic

combinations, thinner-based solvents, chlorosenebased solvents,

trichlene-based solvents and chlorine .

■ when using high pressure cleaning processes, special care has to be

taken to avoid any ingress into the relay as liquids under high pressure

can damage the seal of the relay . Do not use jet pressure higher than

1,5 bar or ultrasonic pressure higher than 0,5 bar .

■ avoid and do not use any ultrasonic pressure for relays with gold plated

contacts . See > 'Cleaning, ultrasonic'

■ special care must be taken on the temperature of the cleaning and

rinsing liquid; their temperature shall be similar and not deviate by more

than 10°C .

■ the individual wash stations must be separate from one another to

prevent cross-contamination!

■ after the final washing process, the printed circuit boards must be clea-

ned again using a clean washing medium!

Cleaning, ultrasonic

Ultrasonic cleaning is generally not recommended as this can cause friction

welding of the contacts and in addition it may cause coil wire breaks . If

ultrasonic cleaning cannot be avoided, it is on user’s own responsibility and

must be completed as quickly as possible .

For gold plated contacts ultrasonic cleaning is NOT recommended at all as

this might result in cold welding of the gold contacts .

Protective coating

Relays with a category of protection II and below are not suited for coating

processes . Relays with category of protection III and higher are suitable for

washing processes but not all relays are necessarily suited for coating pro-

cesses . In this case, please contact our application support for recommen-

ded relay versions and processes .

In case relays with insufficient protection are coated, there is a high risk that

resin will enter the relay and destroy the relay . Sealed relays with an opened

vent hole can only be partly coated .

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05-2018, Rev. 0518

www.te.com

Datasheets and product specification

according to IEC 61810-1 and to be used

only together with the ‘Definitions’ section.

Datasheets and product data is subject to the

terms of the disclaimer and all chapters of

the ‘Definitions’ section, available at

http://relays.te.com/definitions

Datasheets, product data, ‘Definitions’ sec-

tion, application notes and all specifications

are subject to change.

Automotive, General Purpose and Signal Relays

Handling, Processing, Testing and Use (Continued)

Diagnostics of relays, recommendations

For the development of diagnostic routines these effects need to be

considered:

■ the contact resistance may be higher than indicated in the datasheet

and due to the fritting phenomena (see above > 'testing'), also may

show a non-linear characteristic . This implies, that the contact resis-

tance, measured at too low voltage and current levels (e .g . standard

tester and multimeter) can be significantly higher than the contact

resistance under real application conditions (e .g . supplying a 100 W

load) . We recommend to perform the diagnostic routine with the actual

application load and voltage (e .g . mains or board net voltage) connected

to the contacts . If the diagnostic routine cannot be performed with actual

application load and voltage, the measurement voltage level must secure

an electrical breakdown of possible layers . We recommend a voltage

level according to IEC 61810-7 .

■ the voltage drop can be up to 300 mV . The B-fritting is a physical

phenomenon, which can occur on all metal and silver based contacts .

For low level and signal applications, special signal and general purpose

relays are available . For automotive applications it is recommended to

set the diagnostic threshold voltage to min . 500 mV per relay contact

(important for H-bridges or serial contact arrangements) .

■ effects like icing (see > 'Icing') .

■ consider the maximum possible switching times (due to, e .g ., operate

voltages other than the rated coil voltage, bounce time effects, ambient

temperature and coil suppression circuits) . If the status of the contact

has to be changed for the diagnostic routine (energize or de-energize

relay), the routine must wait until the intended contact status is estab-

lished . Depending on electrical and ambient conditions (temperature,

voltage levels, coil circuits) the times can be significantly longer than the

indicated times in the datasheet . We recommend a delay time of min .

10 times of the typical switching times .

■ a coil diagnostic routine must secure that the status of the contact does

not change during the diagnostic cycle . If the coil driver is monitored

by a watchdog routine, the energizing/de-energizing time of the coil

must not result in an unintended closing or opening of the contacts . We

recommend times of max . 0 .5 ms .

Use

Operational humidity / Condensation

Standard conditions:

Annual mean relative air humidity ≤ 75% at ambient temperature 23°C,

on 30 complete days distributed naturally over the year 95% at ambient

temperature ≤ 25°C, on the remaining days occasionally 85% at 23°C . No

condensing or freezing allowed (storage and/or use) .

For use and storage at other conditions, condensation or freezing due to

temperature changes has to be avoided . Use and storage within the limits

as stated in the datasheet and as indicated in the graph .

NOTE: For use conditions the temperature limits as indicated in the

datasheets apply .

Testing conditions, automated testing/diagnose

With higher integration and use of highly complex electronic circuits and

resulting quality and safety requirements (e .g . cars), relays undergo stringent

incoming tests and in-circuit testing during and at the end of the assembly

process (end-of-line tests) .

Special considerations have to be given for the selection of testing parame-

ters, the respective test limits and development of embedded diagnostic

routines:

■ testing of contact resistance

■ testing of magnetic system

■ testing of dynamic characteristics .

The most common contact materials contain silver alloys and thus are affec-

ted by sulfidation and oxidation . Layers of oxides, sulfides and other com-

pounds will form on the surface of metal contacts within a very short time by

absorption from the ambient atmosphere . These layers increase the contact

resistance, depending on the thickness of the layer, the effective contact

area and the specific resistance of the used contact material and layer . To

establish a reliable electric contact these layers have to be destroyed . This

can be done by mechanical, electrical or thermal destruction:

■ mechanical destruction: high contact pressure and mechanical switching

impact

■ electrical destruction: requires a specific breakdown voltage and current .

This destruction process is called A-fritting . The breakdown voltage

depends on the thickness and specific resistance of the layer . For

practical testing refer to the values according IEC 61810-7 as indicated

above; e .g . for automotive relays the breakdown voltage can be up to

3 V to start the A-fritting .

■ thermal destruction: a thermal destruction requires high temperatures,

usually generated by

1) after the electrical breakdown (A-fritting) a small current is forced

through very thin channels in the layer . The resulting local high current

density heats the conducting channels up quickly, destroying the lay-

ers, until finally (within a few ms) a metal to metal bridge is established .

This process is called B-fritting . The B-fritting voltage depends on the

contact material . For practical testing refer to the values according IEC

61810-7 as indicated above .

2) generated by high contact currents and/or electric arcs (e .g . discon-

necting inductive loads, switching on capacitive loads) .

Icing

Under very special environmental conditions (below 0°C) and operational,

temporary relay switching failures can occur . Moisture condenses on the

surface of the cold contact and forms a thin layer of ice, causing a tempora-

ry interruption of the electrical contact .

Magnetic system, coil resistance

For testing the inductivity of relay coils may need consideration (e .g . the

inductivity for coils in automotive relays can exceed 1 H in the unsaturated

range) . This results in a time constants between 1 to 50 ms for the exponen-

tial inductive current increase (pulse response) . In case the ohmic coil resis-

tance is measured with a 4-pole measurement, the resistance value may be

wrong, if measured during the inductive current rise after energization .

Dynamic characteristics

The switching times (e .g . operate time and release time) for DC-coils are

usually in the low millisecond-range:

■ the operate time depends on the applied coil voltage and coil tempe-

rature . Voltages higher than the rated coil voltage generally leading to

reduced operate times whereas higher coil temperature and the resul-

ting higher coil resistance leading to increased operate times . A fast

dynamic response (e .g short operate and release time) also impacts

the bounce time and can increase the bounce time considerably .

■ the release time depends mainly on whether a coil suppresion circuit

is used and on the type of the used circuit . A low ohmic device (e .g .

a diode) in parallel to the relay coil can increase the release time by a

considerable factor compared to the typical values shown in the

datasheets .

TE Connectivity Potter & Brumfield Relays 的 Definition Relay Spec Sheet 规格书

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