Texas Instruments [CI] 的 BQ274262 Technical Reference 规格书

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i TEXAS INSTRUMENTS

bq27426

Technical Reference

Literature Number: SLUUBB0

December 2015

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Contents

Preface ........................................................................................................................................ 4

1 General Description.............................................................................................................. 6

2 Functional Description.......................................................................................................... 8

2.1 Fuel Gauging ................................................................................................................. 8

2.2 Temperature Measurement................................................................................................. 8

2.3 Current Measurement....................................................................................................... 9

2.4 Operating Modes............................................................................................................. 9

2.4.1 SHUTDOWN Mode................................................................................................. 9

2.4.2 POR and INITIALIZATION Modes................................................................................ 9

2.4.3 CONFIG UPDATE Mode .......................................................................................... 9

2.4.4 NORMAL Mode ..................................................................................................... 9

2.4.5 SLEEP Mode ........................................................................................................ 9

2.5 Pin Descriptions ............................................................................................................ 12

2.5.1 GPOUT Pin ........................................................................................................ 12

2.5.2 Battery Detection (BIN)........................................................................................... 13

3 Communications ................................................................................................................ 15

3.1 I2C Interface................................................................................................................. 15

3.2 I2C Time Out ................................................................................................................ 15

3.3 I2C Command Waiting Time .............................................................................................. 16

3.4 I2C Clock Stretching........................................................................................................ 16

4 Application Examples ......................................................................................................... 18

4.1 Data Memory Parameter Update Example ............................................................................. 18

4.2 Chemistry Profile Change Example ..................................................................................... 19

5 Standard Commands .......................................................................................................... 21

5.1 Control(): 0x00 and 0x01.................................................................................................. 22

5.1.1 CONTROL_STATUS: 0x0000 .................................................................................. 23

5.1.2 DEVICE_TYPE: 0x0001.......................................................................................... 23

5.1.3 FW_VERSION: 0x0002........................................................................................... 23

5.1.4 DM_CODE: 0x0004............................................................................................... 23

5.1.5 PREV_MACWRITE: 0x0007..................................................................................... 23

5.1.6 CHEM_ID: 0x0008 ................................................................................................ 24

5.1.7 BAT_INSERT: 0x000C ........................................................................................... 24

5.1.8 BAT_REMOVE: 0x000D ......................................................................................... 24

5.1.9 SET_CFGUPDATE: 0x0013..................................................................................... 24

5.1.10 SMOOTH_SYNC: 0x0019 ...................................................................................... 24

5.1.11 SHUTDOWN_ENABLE: 0x001B............................................................................... 24

5.1.12 SHUTDOWN: 0x001C........................................................................................... 24

5.1.13 SEALED: 0x0020................................................................................................. 24

5.1.14 PULSE_SOC_INT: 0x0023 ..................................................................................... 24

5.1.15 CHEM_A:/B/C 0x0030/0x0031/0x0032........................................................................ 25

5.1.16 RESET: 0x0041 .................................................................................................. 25

5.1.17 SOFT_RESET: 0x0042.......................................................................................... 25

5.2 Temperature(): 0x02 and 0x03 ........................................................................................... 25

5.3 Voltage(): 0x04 and 0x05 ................................................................................................. 25

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5.4 Flags(): 0x06 and 0x07 ................................................................................................... 25

5.5 NominalAvailableCapacity(): 0x08 and 0x09 ........................................................................... 26

5.6 FullAvailableCapacity(): 0x0A and 0x0B ................................................................................ 26

5.7 RemainingCapacity(): 0x0C and 0x0D .................................................................................. 26

5.8 FullChargeCapacity(): 0x0E and 0x0F .................................................................................. 26

5.9 AverageCurrent(): 0x10 and 0x11........................................................................................ 26

5.10 AveragePower(): 0x18 and 0x19......................................................................................... 26

5.11 StateOfCharge(): 0x1C and 0x1D........................................................................................ 26

5.12 InternalTemperature(): 0x1E and 0x1F.................................................................................. 27

5.13 StateOfHealth(): 0x20 and 0x21.......................................................................................... 27

5.14 RemainingCapacityUnfiltered(): 0x28 and 0x29........................................................................ 27

5.15 RemainingCapacityFiltered(): 0x2A and 0x2B.......................................................................... 27

5.16 FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered(): 0x2C and 0x2D ...................................................................... 27

5.17 FullChargeCapacityFiltered(): 0x2E and 0x2F ......................................................................... 27

5.18 StateOfChargeUnfiltered(): 0x30 and 0x31 ............................................................................. 27

6 Extended Data Commands .................................................................................................. 29

6.1 DataClass(): 0x3E.......................................................................................................... 29

6.2 DataBlock(): 0x3F .......................................................................................................... 29

6.3 BlockData(): 0x40 Through 0x5F......................................................................................... 29

6.4 BlockDataChecksum(): 0x60.............................................................................................. 29

6.5 BlockDataControl(): 0x61.................................................................................................. 30

6.6 Reserved—0x62 Through 0x7F .......................................................................................... 30

7 Data Memory...................................................................................................................... 32

7.1 Data Memory Interface .................................................................................................... 32

7.1.1 Accessing the Data Memory..................................................................................... 32

7.1.2 Access Modes ..................................................................................................... 32

7.1.3 SEALING and UNSEALING Data Memory Access........................................................... 33

7.2 Data Types Summary ..................................................................................................... 33

7.3 Data Flash Summary ...................................................................................................... 33

7.4 Data Memory Parameter Descriptions .................................................................................. 36

7.4.1 Configuration Class ............................................................................................... 36

7.4.2 Gas (Fuel) Gauging Class ....................................................................................... 40

7.4.3 Ra Table Class .................................................................................................... 52

7.4.4 Chemistry Class ................................................................................................... 53

7.4.5 Calibration Class .................................................................................................. 54

7.4.6 Security Class ..................................................................................................... 57

A Updating bq27426 Configuration Parameters......................................................................... 59

A.1 Gauge Mode FlashStream (gm.fs) Files ................................................................................ 59

A.2 Write Command ............................................................................................................ 60

A.3 Read and Compare Command........................................................................................... 61

A.4 Wait Command ............................................................................................................. 61

A.5 CONFIG UPDATE Mode.................................................................................................. 61

Revision History.......................................................................................................................... 63

SLUUBB0–December 2015 Contents

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Read This First

SLUUBB0–December 2015

Preface

This is a detailed Technical Reference Manual (TRM) for using and configuring the bq27426 battery fuel

gauge. This TRM should complement but not supersede information in the bq27426 System-Side

Impedance Track Fuel Gauge Data Sheet (SLUSC91).

Formatting conventions used in this document:

Information Type Formatting Convention Example

Commands Italics with parentheses and no breaking spaces RemainingCapacity() command

Data Memory Italics,bold, and breaking spaces Design Capacity data

Data Memory bits Brackets, italics, and bold [TEMPS] bit

Modes and states ALL CAPITALS UNSEALED mode

Trademarks

Impedance Track is a trademark of Texas Instruments. I2C is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors N.V. All

other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

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Formatting conventions used in this document:

SLUUBB0–December 2015 Preface

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Chapter 1

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General Description

The bq27426 battery fuel gauge accurately predicts the battery capacity and other operational

characteristics of a single, Li-based, rechargeable cell. It can be interrogated by a system processor to

provide cell information, such as state-of-charge (SOC).

Unlike some other Impedance Track™ fuel gauges, the bq27426 cannot be programmed with specific

battery chemistry profiles. Three pre-defined chemistry profiles (shown below) are available in the device

memory. For many battery types and applications, these profiles are sufficient matches from a gauging

perspective.

Chem ID Voltage

3230 4.35 V (default)

1202 4.2 V

3142 4.4 V

Information is accessed through a series of commands, called Standard Commands. Further capabilities

are provided by the additional Extended Commands set. Both sets of commands, as indicated by the

general format Command(), are used to read and write information contained within the control and status

registers, as well as its data locations. Commands are sent from the system to the gauge using the I2C™

serial communications engine, and can be executed during application development, system manufacture,

or end-equipment operation.

The key to the high-accuracy, fuel gauging prediction is Texas Instruments proprietary Impedance Track

algorithm. This algorithm uses cell measurements, characteristics, and properties to create SOC

predictions that can achieve high accuracy across a wide variety of operating conditions and over the

lifetime of the battery.

The fuel gauge measures the charging and discharging of the battery by monitoring the voltage across a

small-value, integrated sense resistor. Cell impedance is computed based on current, open-circuit voltage

(OCV), and cell voltage under loading conditions.

The fuel gauge uses an integrated temperature sensor for estimating cell temperature. Alternatively, the

system processor can provide temperature data for the fuel gauge.

To minimize power consumption, the fuel gauge has several power modes: INITIALIZATION, NORMAL,

SLEEP, and SHUTDOWN. The fuel gauge passes automatically between these modes, depending upon

the occurrence of specific events, though a system processor can initiate some of these modes directly.

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Chapter 2

SLUUBB0–December 2015

Functional Description

2.1 Fuel Gauging

The bq27426 battery fuel gauge measures the cell voltage, temperature, and current to determine battery

SOC. The fuel gauge monitors the charging and discharging of the battery by sensing the voltage across

an external sense resistor (10 mΩ, typical) between the BAT and SRX pins. By integrating the charge

passing through the battery, the battery SOC is adjusted during the charging or discharging of the battery.

The total battery capacity is found by comparing states of charge before and after applying the load with

the amount of charge passed. When an application load is applied, the impedance of the cell is measured

by comparing the OCV obtained from a predefined function for the present SOC with the measured

voltage under load. Measurements of OCV and charge integration determine chemical SOC and chemical

capacity (Qmax). The initial value for Qmax is defined by Design Capacity and should match the cell

manufacturers' data sheet. The fuel gauge acquires and updates the battery-impedance profile during

normal battery usage. The impedance profile along with SOC and the Qmax value are used to determine

FullChargeCapacity() and StateOfCharge(), specifically for the present load and temperature.

FullChargeCapacity() is reported as capacity available from a fully-charged battery under the present load

and temperature until Voltage() reaches the Terminate Voltage.NominalAvailableCapacity() and

FullAvailableCapacity() are the uncompensated (no or light load) versions of RemainingCapacity() and

FullChargeCapacity(), respectively.

The fuel gauge has two flags, [SOC1] and [SOCF], accessed by the Flags() command that warn when the

battery SOC has fallen to critical levels. When StateOfCharge() falls below the first capacity threshold, as

specified in SOC1 Set Threshold, the [SOC1] (state-of-charge initial) flag is set. The flag is cleared once

StateOfCharge() rises above SOC1 Set Threshold. All units are in %.

When StateOfCharge() falls below the second capacity threshold, SOCF Set Threshold, the [SOCF]

(state-of-charge final) flag is set, serving as a final discharge warning. If SOCF Set Threshold = –1, the

flag is inoperative during discharge. Similarly, when StateOfCharge() rises above SOCF Clear Threshold

and the [SOCF] flag has already been set, the [SOCF] flag is cleared. All units are in %.

2.2 Temperature Measurement

Temperature information for the fuel gauge can be configured from three separate sources:

1. Internal Temperature Sensor

2. External Temperature Sensor (Thermistor)

3. Host Commanded Temperature

The OpConfig [TEMPS] bits can be used to select the source, as shown below:

OpConfig [TEMPS] Temperature Source

00 Internal Temperature Sensor is used as Temperature Source.

01 External Thermistor is used as Temperature Source.

10 Host written Temperature is used as Temperature Source.

Regardless of which sensor is used for measurement, the system processor can request the current

battery temperature being used by the algorithm by calling the Temperature() function.

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Current Measurement

2.3 Current Measurement

The fuel gauge measures current by sensing the voltage across an external sense resistor (10 mΩ,

typical). Internally, voltage passes through a gain stage before conversion by the coulomb counter. The

current measurement data is available via the AverageCurrent() command.

2.4 Operating Modes

The fuel gauge has different operating modes: POR, INITIALIZATION, NORMAL, CONFIG UPDATE, and

SLEEP. Upon powering up from OFF or SHUTDOWN, a power-on reset (POR) occurs and the fuel gauge

begins INITIALIZATION. In NORMAL mode, the fuel gauge is fully powered and can execute any

allowable task. Configuration data in RAM can be updated by the host using the CONFIG UPDATE mode.

In SLEEP mode, the fuel gauge turns off the high-frequency oscillator clock to enter a reduced-power

state, periodically taking measurements and performing calculations.

2.4.1 SHUTDOWN Mode

In SHUTDOWN mode, the LDO output is disabled so internal power and all RAM-based volatile data are

lost. The host can command the gauge to immediately enter SHUTDOWN mode by first unsealing the

gauge and then enabling the mode with a SHUTDOWN_ENABLE subcommand (Section 5.1.11) followed

by the SHUTDOWN subcommand (Section 5.1.12). To exit SHUTDOWN mode, the GPOUT pin must be

raised from logic low to logic high for at least 200 µs.

2.4.2 POR and INITIALIZATION Modes

Upon a POR, the fuel gauge copies ROM-based configuration defaults to RAM and begins

INITIALIZATION mode where essential data is initialized. The occurrence of a POR or a Control() RESET

subcommand will set the Flags() [ITPOR] status bit to indicate that RAM has returned to ROM default

data. When battery insertion is detected, a series of initialization activities begin including an OCV

measurement. In addition, CONTROL_STATUS [QMAX_UP] and [RES_UP] bits are cleared to allow

unfiltered learning of Qmax and impedance. Completion of INITIALIZATION mode is indicated by the

CONTROL_STATUS [INITCOMP] bit.

2.4.3 CONFIG UPDATE Mode

If the application requires different configuration data for the fuel gauge, the system processor can update

RAM-based data memory parameters using the Control() SET_CFGUPDATE subcommand to enter the

CONFIG UPDATE mode. Operation in this mode is indicated by the Flags() [CFGUPMODE] status bit. In

this mode, fuel gauging is suspended while the host uses the extended data commands to modify the

configuration data blocks. To resume fuel gauging, the host must send a Control() SOFT_RESET

subcommand to exit the CONFIG UPDATE mode which clears both Flags() [ITPOR] and [CFGUPMODE]

bits. After a timeout of approximately 240 seconds (4 minutes), the gauge will automatically exit the

CONFIG UPDATE mode if it has not received a SOFT_RESET subcommand from the host.

2.4.4 NORMAL Mode

The fuel gauge is in NORMAL mode when not in any other power mode. During this mode,

AverageCurrent(),Voltage(), and Temperature() measurements are taken once per second, and the

interface data set is updated. Decisions to change states are also made. This mode is exited by activating

a different power mode.

Because the gauge consumes the most power in NORMAL mode, the Impedance Track algorithm

minimizes the time the fuel gauge remains in this mode.

2.4.5 SLEEP Mode

SLEEP mode is entered automatically if the feature is enabled (OpConfig [SLEEP] = 1) and

AverageCurrent() is below the programmable level Sleep Current (default = 10 mA). Once entry into

SLEEP mode has been qualified, but prior to entering it, the fuel gauge may perform an ADC

autocalibration to minimize the offset.

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Operating Modes

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During SLEEP mode, the fuel gauge remains in a very-low-power idle state and automatically wakes up

briefly every 20 seconds to take data measurements.

After taking the measurements on the 20-second interval, the fuel gauge will exit SLEEP mode when

AverageCurrent() rises above Sleep Current (default = 10 mA). Alternatively, an early wake-up before the

20-second internal is possible if the instantaneous current detected by an internal hardware comparator is

above an approximate threshold of ±30 mA.

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l TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Entgto FOR Ex [mm SHUTDOWN W Em to chFIG UDPATE FLAGS (} (an SET, subcomm Emmm Norm-I m [BALDEU = a

Voltage( ) >Sleep Voltage

Fuel gauging and data

updated every 1 s

NORMAL

ICC = Sleep

SLEEP

Initialize algorithm and data

Check for battery insertion

(No gauging in this mode)

ICC = Normal

INITIALIZATION

Copy configuration ROM

default to RAM data

Flags()[ITPOR] = 1

Power on Reset [POR]

REGIN pin > VREGIN min,

VCC pin = OFF

SHUTDOWN

REGIN pin = OFF,

VCC pin = OFF

OFF

Entry to POR

REGIN pin > VREGIN min

Via subcommandRESET

(from any mode)

Exit from SHUTDOWN

GPOUT pin raised HI for at least 200 µs

Exit from CONFIG UPDATE

Flags()[CFGUPMODE] [ITPOR]= 0 and = 0

(Via or a 240 second timeout)SOFT_RESET

Host can change RAM and

NVM based data blocks

(No gauging in this mode)

CONFIG UPDATE

Flags()[BAT_DET] = 0

Exit from Normal

FLAGS()[BAT_DET] = 0

Entry to Normal

FLAGS()[BAT_DET] = 1

Entry to Sleep

Entry to CONFIG UDPATE

Exit from SLEEP

Host sends and

then commands

(from any mode).

SHUTDOWN_EN

SHUTDOWN

ICC = Normal

Op Config [SLEEP]

Sleep Current

= 1

AND

<| AverageCurrent() |

Fuel gauging and

data update every

20 seconds

FLAGS ()[CFGUPMODE]

SET_CFGUDPATE

= 1

(Via

subcommand).

Host sets = 0

Current is Detected above +/–30 mA

Op Config [SLEEP]

Sleep Current| AverageCurrent() |

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Operating Modes

Figure 2-1. Power Mode Diagram

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Pin Descriptions

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2.5 Pin Descriptions

2.5.1 GPOUT Pin

The GPOUT pin is a multiplexed pin and the polarity of the pin output can be selected via the OpConfig

[GPIO_POL] bit. The function is defined by the OpConfig [BATLOWEN] bit. If the bit is set, the Battery

Low Indicator (BAT_LOW) function is selected for the GPOUT pin. If it is cleared, the SOC interrupt

(SOC_INT) function is selected for the GPOUT pin.

When the BAT_LOW function is activated, the signaling on the multiplexed pin follows the status of the

[SOC1] bit in the Flags() register. The fuel gauge has two flags accessed by the Flags() function that

warns when the battery SOC has fallen to critical levels. When StateOfCharge() falls below the first

capacity threshold, specified in SOC1 Set Threshold, the [SOC1] flag is set. The flag is cleared once

StateOfCharge() rises above SOC1 Set Threshold. The GPOUT pin automatically reflects the status of

the [SOC1] flag when [BATLOWEN] = 1 and [GPIOPOL] = 0. The polarity can be flipped by setting

[GPIOPOL] = 1.

When StateOfCharge() falls below the second capacity threshold, SOCF Set Threshold, the [SOCF] flag

is set, serving as a final discharge warning. Similarly, when StateOfCharge() rises above SOCF Clear

Threshold and the [SOCF] flag has already been set, the [SOCF] flag is cleared.

When the SOC_INT function is activated, the GPOUT pin generates a 1-ms pulse width under various

conditions as described in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1. SOC_INT Function Definition

Enable Condition Pulse Width Description

During charge, when the SOC is greater than (>) the points:

100% – n × (SOCI Delta) and 100%;

During discharge, when the SOC reaches (≤) the points:

100% – n × (SOCI Delta) and 0%;

where n is an integer starting from 0 to the number generating SOC no less

Change in (SOCI Delta)≠0 1 ms than 0%.

SOC Examples:

For SOCI Delta = 1% (default), the SOC_INT intervals are 0%, 1%, 2%, …,

99%, and 100%.

For SOCI Delta = 10%, the SOC_INT intervals are 0%, 10%, 20%, …, 90%,

and 100%.

Upon detection of entry to a charge or a discharge state. Relaxation is not

State Change (SOCI Delta)≠0 1 ms included.

Battery OpConfig [BIE] bit When battery removal is detected by the BIN pin.

1 ms

Removal is set.

Initialization After initial gauge predictions are updated upon exit from POR, the

Always 1 ms

Complete ControlStatus() [INITCOMP] bit is set.

PULSE_SOC Instructs the fuel gauge to pulse the GPOUT pin for approximately 1 ms with

_INT Subcommand 1 ms 1 second of receiving the command. Mostly used for debug purposes.

command

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Pin Descriptions

2.5.2 Battery Detection (BIN)

The function of OpConfig [BIE] bit is described in Table 2-2. When battery insertion is detected and

INITIALIZATION mode is completed, the fuel gauge transitions to NORMAL mode to start Impedance

Track fuel gauging. When battery insertion is not detected, the fuel gauge remains in INITIALIZATION

mode.

Table 2-2. Battery Detection

OpConfig [BIE] Battery Insertion Requirement Battery Removal Requirement

1 (1) Host drives BIN pin from logic high to low to signal (1) Host drives the BIN pin from logic low to high to

battery insertion. signal battery removal.

or or

(2) A weak pullup resistor can be used (between BIN (2) When a battery pack with a pulldown resistor is

and VCC pins). When a battery pack with a pulldown removed, the weak pullup resistor can generate a logic

resistor is connected, it can generate a logic low to high to signal battery removal.

signal battery insertion.

0 Host sends BAT_INSERT subcommand to signal Host sends BAT_REMOVE subcommand to signal

battery insertion. battery removal.

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l TEXAS INSTRUMENTS El D I] ELI I I I El El III | ET ELI I III III I III LT El I I El [1 | E! | El [I I I I I I I I I III s ADDR[E:0] E A CMD[7:D] A DATAnzo] N E E1 ADDR[6:D] o A CMD[7:0] N E

Host generated

A AS 0ADDR[6:0] CMD[7:0] Sr 1ADDR[6:0] A DATA [7:0] A DATA [7:0] PN. . .

(d) incremental read

A AS 0ADDR[6:0] CMD[7:0] Sr 1ADDR[6:0] A DATA [7:0] PN

A AS A0 PADDR[6:0] CMD[7:0] DATA [7:0]

(a) 1-byte write (b) quick read

S 1ADDR[6:0] A DATA [7:0] PN

Gauge generated

. . .A AS A0 PADDR[6:0] CMD[7:0] DATA [7:0] DATA [7:0] A A

(e) incremental write

(S = Start, Sr = Repeated Start, A = Acknowledge , N = No Acknowledge , and P = Stop).

Chapter 3

SLUUBB0–December 2015

Communications

The bq27426 can communicate with a host with an I2C interface with both 100-KHz and 400-KHz modes.

3.1 I2C Interface

The fuel gauge supports the standard I2C read, incremental read, quick read, one-byte write, and

incremental write functions. The 7-bit device address (ADDR) is the most significant 7 bits of the hex

address and is fixed as 1010101. The first 8 bits of the I2C protocol are, therefore, 0xAA or 0xAB for write

or read, respectively.

The quick read returns data at the address indicated by the address pointer. The address pointer, a

gauge or the I2C master. “Quick writes” function in the same manner and are a convenient means of

sending multiple bytes to consecutive command locations (such as two-byte commands that require two

bytes of data).

The following command sequences are not supported:

Attempt to write a read-only address (NACK after data sent by master):

Attempt to read an address above 0x6B (NACK command):

3.2 I2C Time Out

The I2C engine releases both SDA and SCL if the I2C bus is held low for 2 seconds. If the fuel gauge is

holding the lines, releasing them frees them for the master to drive the lines. If an external condition is

holding either of the lines low, the I2C engine enters the low-power SLEEP mode.

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A AS 0ADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] Sr 1ADDR [6:0] A DATA [7:0] A DATA [7:0] PN

A AS A0 PADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] DATA [7:0] DATA [7:0] A 66 sm

A AS 0ADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] Sr 1ADDR [6:0] A DATA [7:0] A DATA [7:0] A

DATA [7:0] A DATA [7:0] PN

Waiting time inserted between incremental 2-byte write packet for a subcommand and reading results

(acceptable for 100 kHz)fSCL £

Waiting time inserted after incremental read

66 sm

A AS 0ADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] Sr 1ADDR [6:0] A DATA [7:0] A DATA [7:0] PN

A AS A0 PADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] DATA [7:0] 66 sm

Waiting time inserted between two 1-byte write packets for a subcommand and reading results

(required for 100 kHz < f 400 kHz)

SCL £

66 sm

A AS A0 PADDR [6:0] CMD [7:0] DATA [7:0] 66 sm

I2C Command Waiting Time

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3.3 I2C Command Waiting Time

To ensure proper operation at 400 kHz, a t(BUF) ≥66 μs bus-free waiting time must be inserted between all

packets addressed to the fuel gauge. In addition, if the SCL clock frequency (fSCL) is > 100 kHz, use

individual 1-byte write commands for proper data flow control. The following diagram shows the standard

waiting time required between issuing the control subcommand the reading the status result. For read-

write standard command, a minimum of 2 seconds is required to get the result updated. For read-only

standard commands, there is no waiting time required, but the host must not issue any standard command

more than two times per second. Otherwise, the gauge could result in a reset issue due to the expiration

of the watchdog timer.

3.4 I2C Clock Stretching

A clock stretch can occur during all modes of fuel gauge operation. In SLEEP mode, a short ≤100-µs

clock stretch occurs on all I2C traffic as the device must wake-up to process the packet. In the other

modes (INITIALIZATION, NORMAL), a ≤4-ms clock stretching period may occur within packets

addressed for the fuel gauge as the I2C interface performs normal data flow control.

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I2C Clock Stretching

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Chapter 4

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Application Examples

4.1 Data Memory Parameter Update Example

The following example shows the command sequence needed to modify a Data Memory parameter. For

this example, the default Design Capacity is updated from 1000 mAh to 1200 mAh. All device writes (wr)

and reads (rd) refer to the I2C 8-bit addresses 0xAA and 0xAB, respectively.

Step Description Pseudo Code

//Two-byte incremental Method

wr 0x00 0x00 0x80;

If the device has been previously SEALED, UNSEAL it by sending the wr 0x00 0x00 0x80;

appropriate keys to Control() (0x00 and 0x01). Write the first 2 bytes of the //Alternative single byte

UNSEAL key using the Control(0x8000) command. Without writing any other

1 bytes to the device, write the second (identical) 2 bytes of the UNSEAL key method

using the Control(0x8000) command. wr 0x00 0x00;

Note: The remaining steps in this table will use this single-packet method when wr 0x01 0x80;

writing multiple bytes. wr 0x00 0x00;

wr 0x01 0x80;

2 Send SET_CFGUPDATE subcommand, Control(0x0013).wr 0x00 0x13 0x00;

Confirm CFGUPDATE mode by polling Flags() register until bit 4 is set. May

3rd 0x06 Flags_register;

take up to 1 second.

Write 0x00 using BlockDataControl() command (0x61) to enable block data

4wr 0x61 0x00;

memory control.

Write 0x52 using the DataBlockClass() command (0x3E) to access the State

5wr 0x3E 0x52;

subclass (82 decimal, 0x52 hex) containing the Design Capacity parameter.

Write the block offset location using DataBlock() command (0x3F).

6Note: To access data located at offset 0 to 31, use offset = 0x00. To access wr 0x3F 0x00;

data located at offset 32 to 41, use offset = 0x01.

7 Read the 1-byte checksum using the BlockDataChecksum() command (0x60). rd 0x60 OLD_Csum;

Read both Design Capacity bytes starting at 0x4A (offset = 6). Block data

starts at 0x40, so to read the data of a specific offset, use address 0x40 + rd 0x4A OLD_DesCap_MSB;

8mod(offset, 32). rd 0x4B OLD_DesCap_LSB;

Note: LSB byte is coincidentally the same value as the checksum.

Write both Design Capacity bytes starting at 0x4A (offset = 10). For this wr 0x4A 0x04;

9example, the new value is 1200 mAh. (0x04B0 hex) wr 0x4B 0xB0;

temp = mod(255 - OLD_Csum

Compute the new block checksum. The checksum is (255 – x) where x is the - OLD_DesCap_MSB

8-bit summation of the BlockData() (0x40 to 0x5F) on a byte-by-byte basis. A

10 quick way to calculate the new checksum uses a data replacement method - OLD_DesCap_LSB, 256);

with the old and new data summation bytes. Refer to the code for the indicated NEW_Csum = 255 - mod(temp +

method. + 0x04 + 0xB0, 256);

Write new checksum. The data is actually transferred to the Data Memory wr 0x60 New_Csum;

11 when the correct checksum for the whole block (0x40 to 0x5F) is written to //Example: wr 0x60 0x1F

BlockDataChecksum() (0x60). For this example New_Csum is 0x1F.

Exit CFGUPDATE mode by sending SOFT_RESET subcommand,

12 wr 0x00 0x42 0x00;

Control(0x0042).

Confirm CFGUPDATE has been exited by polling Flags() register until bit 4 is

13 rd 0x06 Flags_register;

cleared. May take up to 1 second.

If the device was previously SEALED, return to SEALED mode by sending the

14 wr 0x00 0x20 0x00;

Control(0x0020) subcommand.

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Chemistry Profile Change Example

4.2 Chemistry Profile Change Example

The following example illustrates how to change the chemistry profile from the default profile that is

provided. In this example, the chemistry profile is changed from the default 4.35 V (3230) to 4.4 V (3142).

Step Description Pseudo Code

//Two-byte incremental Method

wr 0x00 0x00 0x80;

If the device has been previously SEALED, UNSEAL it by sending the wr 0x00 0x00 0x80;

appropriate keys to Control() (0x00 and 0x01). Write the first 2 bytes of the //Alternative single byte

UNSEAL key using the Control(0x8000) command. Without writing any other

1 bytes to the device, write the second (identical) 2 bytes of the UNSEAL key method

using the Control(0x8000) command. wr 0x00 0x00;

Note: The remaining steps in this table will use this single-packet method when wr 0x01 0x80;

writing multiple bytes. wr 0x00 0x00;

wr 0x01 0x80;

2 Read Current Chem ID. rd 0x00 0x08 0x00;

3 Send SET_CFGUPDATE subcommand, Control(0x0013). wr 0x00 0x13 0x00;

Confirm CFGUPDATE mode by polling Flags() register until bit 4 is set. The

4rd 0x06 Flags_register;

host should wait for 1 second to ensure IT processing has been stopped.

5 Change Chemistry to CHEM_C (chem ID = 3142, 4.4 V). wr 0x00 0x32 0x00;

6 Exit CFGUPDATE mode by sending the SOFT_RESET subcommand. wr 0x00 0x42 0x00;

Confirm CFGUPDATE has been exited by polling Flags() register until bit 4 is

7rd 0x06 Flags_register;

cleared. (This may take up to 1 second.) SOC will be valid after 2 seconds

8 Read Current Chem ID to see if it is updated. rd 0x00 0x08 0x00;

If the device was previously SEALED, return to SEALED mode by sending the

9wr 0x00 0x20 0x00;

Control(0x0020) subcommand.

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Chapter 5

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Standard Commands

The fuel gauge uses a series of 2-byte standard commands to enable system reading and writing of

battery information. Each standard command has an associated command-code pair, as indicated in

Table 5-1. Because each command consists of two bytes of data, two consecutive I2C transmissions must

be executed both to initiate the command function and to read or write the corresponding two bytes of

data.

Table 5-1. Standard Commands

Command

Name Unit SEALED Access

Code

Control() CNTL 0x00 and 0x01 NA RW

Temperature() TEMP 0x02 and 0x03 0.1°K RW

Voltage() VOLT 0x04 and 0x05 mV R

Flags() FLAGS 0x06 and 0x07 NA R

NominalAvailableCapacity() 0x08 and 0x09 mAh R

FullAvailableCapacity() 0x0A and 0x0B mAh R

RemainingCapacity() RM 0x0C and 0x0D mAh R

FullChargeCapacity() FCC 0x0E and 0x0F mAh R

AverageCurrent() 0x10 and 0x11 mA R

AveragePower() 0x18 and 0x19 mW R

StateOfCharge() SOC 0x1C and 0x1D % R

InternalTemperature() 0x1E and 0x1F 0.1°K R

StateOfHealth() SOH 0x20 and 0x21 num/% R

RemainingCapacityUnfiltered() 0x28 and 0x29 mAh R

RemainingCapacityFiltered() 0x2A and 0x2B mAh R

FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered() 0x2C and 0x2D mAh R

FullChargeCapacityFiltered() 0x2E and 0x2F mAh R

StateOfChargeUnfiltered() 0x30 and 0x31 mAh R

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Control(): 0x00 and 0x01

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5.1 Control(): 0x00 and 0x01

Issuing a Control() command requires a subsequent 2-byte subcommand. These additional bytes specify

the particular control function desired. The Control() command allows the system to control specific

features of the fuel gauge during normal operation and additional features when the device is in different

access modes, as described in Table 5-2.

Table 5-2. Control() Subcommands

SEALED

CNTL Function CNTL Data Description

Access

CONTROL_STATUS 0x0000 Yes Reports the status of device.

DEVICE_TYPE 0x0001 Yes Reports the device type (0x0421).

FW_VERSION 0x0002 Yes Reports the firmware version of the device.

DM_CODE 0x0004 Yes Reports the Data Memory Code number stored in NVM.

PREV_MACWRITE 0x0007 Yes Returns previous MAC command code.

Reports the chemical identifier of the battery profile used by the fuel

CHEM_ID 0x0008 Yes gauge.

BAT_INSERT 0x000C Yes Forces the Flags() [BAT_DET] bit set when the OpConfig [BIE] bit is 0.

BAT_REMOVE 0x000D Yes Forces the Flags() [BAT_DET] bit clear when the OpConfig [BIE] bit is 0.

Forces the CONTROL_STATUS [CFGUPMODE] bit to 1 and the gauge

SET_CFGUPDATE 0x0013 No enters CONFIG UPDATE mode.

Synchronizes RemCapSmooth() and FCCSmooth() with RemCapTrue()

SMOOTH_SYNC 0x0019 Yes and FCCTrue()

SHUTDOWN_ENABLE 0x001B No Enables device SHUTDOWN mode.

SHUTDOWN 0x001C No Commands the device to enter SHUTDOWN mode

SEALED 0x0020 No Places the device in SEALED access mode.

PULSE_SOC_INT 0x0023 Yes Commands the device to toggle the GPOUT pin for 1 ms

CHEM_A 0x0030 No Dynamically changes existing Chem ID to Chem ID - 3230

CHEM_B 0x0031 No Dynamically changes existing Chem ID to Chem ID - 1202

CHEM_C 0x0032 No Dynamically changes existing Chem ID to Chem ID - 3142

RESET 0x0041 No Performs a full device reset.

SOFT_RESET 0x0042 No Gauge exits CONFIG UPDATE mode

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Control(): 0x00 and 0x01

5.1.1 CONTROL_STATUS: 0x0000

Instructs the fuel gauge to return status information to Control() addresses 0x00 and 0x01. The read-only

status word contains status bits that are set or cleared either automatically as conditions warrant or

through using specified subcommands.

Table 5-3. CONTROL_STATUS Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

High Byte SHUTDOWNEN WDRESET SS CALMODE CCA BCA QMAX_UP RES_UP

CHEM

Low Byte INITCOMP RSVD RSVD SLEEP LDMD RUP_DIS VOK CHANGE

High Byte

SHUTDOWNEN = Indicates the fuel gauge has received the SHUTDOWN_ENABLE subcommand and is enabled for

SHUTDOWN. Active when set.

WDRESET = Indicates the fuel gauge has performed a Watchdog Reset. Active when set.

SS = Indicates the fuel gauge is in the SEALED state. Active when set.

CALMODE = Indicates the fuel gauge is in calibration mode. Active when set.

CCA = Indicates the Coulomb Counter Auto-Calibration routine is active. The CCA routine will take place

approximately 3 minutes and 45 seconds after the initialization as well as periodically as conditions permit.

Active when set.

BCA = Indicates the fuel gauge board calibration routine is active. Active when set.

QMAX_UP = Indicates Qmax has updated. True when set. This bit is cleared after a POR or when the Flags() [BAT_DET]

bit is set. When this bit is cleared, it enables fast learning of battery Qmax.

RES_UP = Indicates that resistance has been updated. True when set. This bit is cleared after a POR or when the

Flags() [BAT_DET] bit is set. Also, this bit can only be set after Qmax is updated ([QMAX_UP] bit is set).

When this bit is cleared, it enables fast learning of battery impedance.

Low Byte

INITCOMP = Initialization completion bit indicating the initialization is complete. True when set.

RSVD = Reserved

SLEEP = Indicates the fuel gauge is in SLEEP mode. True when set.

LDMD = Indicates the algorithm is using constant-power model. True when set. Default is 1.

RUP_DIS = Indicates the Ra table updates are disabled. Updates are disabled when set.

VOK = Indicates cell voltages are ok for Qmax updates. True when set.

CHEMCHANGE = Indicates that the Device Chemistry table has been dynamically changed. True when set. The bit is cleared

when the active chemistry table has been updated.

5.1.2 DEVICE_TYPE: 0x0001

Instructs the fuel gauge to return the device type to addresses 0x00 and 0x01. The value returned is

0x0426.

5.1.3 FW_VERSION: 0x0002

Instructs the fuel gauge to return the firmware version to addresses 0x00 and 0x01.

5.1.4 DM_CODE: 0x0004

Instructs the fuel gauge to return the 8-bit DM Code as the least significant byte of the 16-bit return value

at addresses 0x00 and 0x01. The DM_CODE subcommand provides a simple method to determine the

configuration code stored in Data Memory.

5.1.5 PREV_MACWRITE: 0x0007

Instructs the fuel gauge to return the previous command written to addresses 0x00 and 0x01. The value

returned is limited to less than 0x0015.

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Control(): 0x00 and 0x01

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5.1.6 CHEM_ID: 0x0008

Instructs the fuel gauge to return the chemical identifier for the Impedance Track configuration to

addresses 0x00 and 0x01.

5.1.7 BAT_INSERT: 0x000C

Forces the Flags() [BAT_DET] bit to set when the battery insertion detection is disabled via OpConfig

[BIE] = 0. In this case, the gauge does not detect battery insertion from the BIN pin logic state, but relies

on the BAT_INSERT host subcommand to indicate battery presence in the system. This subcommand

also starts Impedance Track gauging.

5.1.8 BAT_REMOVE: 0x000D

Forces the Flags() [BAT_DET] bit to clear when the battery insertion detection is disabled via OpConfig

[BIE] = 0. In this case, the gauge does not detect battery removal from the BIN pin logic state, but relies

on the BAT_REMOVE host subcommand to indicate battery removal from the system.

5.1.9 SET_CFGUPDATE: 0x0013

Instructs the fuel gauge to set the Flags() [CFGUPMODE] bit to 1 and enter CONFIG UPDATE mode. This

command is only available when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED. After the command is sent, the host must

wait a minimum of 1100ms to start modifying any parameters.

NOTE: ASOFT_RESET subcommand is used to exit CONFIG UPDATE mode to resume normal

gauging.

5.1.10 SMOOTH_SYNC: 0x0019

This synchronizes RemCapSmooth() and FCCSmooth() with RemCapTrue() and FCCTrue().

5.1.11 SHUTDOWN_ENABLE: 0x001B

Instructs the fuel gauge to enable SHUTDOWN mode and set the CONTROL_STATUS [SHUTDOWNEN]

status bit.

5.1.12 SHUTDOWN: 0x001C

Instructs the fuel gauge to immediately enter SHUTDOWN mode after receiving this subcommand. The

SHUTDOWN mode is effectively a power-down mode with only a small circuit biased by the BAT pin

which is used for wake-up detection. To enter SHUTDOWN mode, the SHUTDOWN_ENABLE

subcommand must have been previously received. To exit SHUTDOWN mode, the GPOUT pin must be

raised from logic low to logic high for at least 200 µs.

5.1.13 SEALED: 0x0020

Instructs the fuel gauge to transition from UNSEALED state to SEALED state and will set bit 7 (0x80) in

the Update Status register to 1. The fuel gauge should always be set to the SEALED state for use in end

equipment. The SEALED state blocks accidental writes of specific subcommands and most Standard and

Extended Commands. See Table 5-1,Table 5-2, and Table 6-1.

5.1.14 PULSE_SOC_INT: 0x0023

This subcommand can be useful for system level debug or test purposes. It instructs the fuel gauge to

pulse the GPOUT pin for approximately 1 ms within 1 second of receiving the command.

NOTE: The GPOUT pin must be configured for the SOC_INT output function with the OpConfig

[BATLOWEN] bit cleared.

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Control(): 0x00 and 0x01

5.1.15 CHEM_A:/B/C 0x0030/0x0031/0x0032

This subcommand instructs the fuel gauge to dynamically change the active chemistry after reset. A

SOFT_RESET should be performed after running the CHEM_A/B/C commands. This subcommand is only

available when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED. After this command is executed, a control status word

CHEMCHANGE will be set to indicate that the chemistry has been changed.

5.1.16 RESET: 0x0041

This subcommand instructs the fuel gauge to perform a full device reset and reinitialize RAM data to the

default values from ROM and is therefore not typically used in field operation. The gauge sets the Flags()

[ITPOR] bit and enters the INITIALIZE mode. Refer to Figure 2-1. This subcommand is only available

when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED.

5.1.17 SOFT_RESET: 0x0042

This subcommand instructs the fuel gauge to perform a partial (soft) reset from any mode with an OCV

measurement. The Flags() [ITPOR] and [CFGUPMODE] bits are cleared and a re-simulation occurs to

update both StateOfCharge() and StateOfChargeUnfiltered(). Refer to Figure 2-1. Upon exit from CONFIG

UPDATE mode, the fuel gauge will check bit 7 (0x80) in the Update Status register. If bit 7 (0x80) in the

Update Status register is set the fuel gauge will be placed into the SEALED state. This subcommand is

only available when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED.

5.2 Temperature(): 0x02 and 0x03

This read- and write-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the temperature in units of 0.1°K

measured by the fuel gauge. If OpConfig [TEMPS] bits = 00 (default), a read command will return the

internal temperature sensor value and a write command will be ignored. If OpConfig [TEMPS] bits = 01, a

read command will return the temperature measured through an external thermistor. If OpConfig

[TEMPS] bits = 10, a write command sets the temperature to be used for gauging calculations, while a

read command returns to the temperature previously written.

5.3 Voltage(): 0x04 and 0x05

This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the measured cell-pack voltage in mV with a

range of 0 to 6000 mV.

5.4 Flags(): 0x06 and 0x07

This read-word function returns the contents of the fuel gauging status register, depicting the current

operating status.

Table 5-4. Flags Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

High Byte OT UT RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD FC CHG

DOD

Low Byte OCVTAKEN ITPOR CFGUPMODE BAT_DET SOC1 SOCF DSG

CORRECT

High Byte

OT = Over-Temperature condition is detected. [OT] is set when Temperature() ≥Over Temp (default = 55°C).

[OT] is cleared when Temperature() <Over Temp –Temp Hys.

UT = Under-Temperature condition is detected. [UT] is set when Temperature() ≤Under Temp (default = 0°C).

[UT] is cleared when Temperature() >Under Temp +Temp Hys.

RSVD = Bits 5:2 are reserved.

FC = Full charge is detected. If the FC Set% is a positive threshold, [FC] is set when SOC ≥FC Set % and is cleared

when SOC ≤FC Clear % (default = 98%). By default, FC Set% = –1, therefore [FC] is set when the fuel gauge

has detected charge termination.

CHG = Fast charging allowed. If SOC changes from 98% to 99% during charging, the [CHG] bit is cleared. The [CHG]

bit will become set again when SOC ≤95%.

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Low Byte

OCVTAKEN = Cleared on entry to RELAXATION mode and set to 1 when OCV measurement is performed in RELAXATION

mode.

DOD Correct = This indicates that DOD correction is being applied.

ITPOR = Indicates a POR or RESET subcommand has occurred. If set, this bit generally indicates that the RAM

configuration registers have been reset to default values and the host should reload the configuration

parameters using the CONFIG UPDATE mode. This bit is cleared after the SOFT_RESET subcommand is

received.

CFGUPMODE = Fuel gauge is in CONFIG UPDATE mode. True when set. Default is 0. Refer to Section 2.4.3 for details.

BAT_DET = Battery insertion detected. True when set. When OpConfig [BIE] is set, [BAT_DET] is set by detecting a logic

high-to-low transition at the BIN pin. When OpConfig [BIE] is low, [BAT_DET] is set when host issues the

BAT_INSERT subcommand and is cleared when host issues the BAT_REMOVE subcommand. Gauge

predictions are not valid unless [BAT_DET] is set.

SOC1 = If set, StateOfCharge() ≤SOC1 Set Threshold. The [SOC1] bit will remain set until StateOfCharge() ≥SOC1

Clear Threshold.

SOCF = If set, StateOfCharge() ≤SOCF Set Threshold. The [SOCF] bit will remain set until StateOfCharge() ≥SOCF

Clear Threshold.

DSG = Discharging detected. True when set.

5.5 NominalAvailableCapacity(): 0x08 and 0x09

This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) battery capacity

remaining. Units are mAh.

5.6 FullAvailableCapacity(): 0x0A and 0x0B

This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) capacity of the battery

when fully charged. FullAvailableCapacity() is updated at regular intervals. Units are mAh.

5.7 RemainingCapacity(): 0x0C and 0x0D

This read-only command pair returns the remaining battery capacity compensated for load and

temperature. If OpConfigB [SMOOTHEN] = 1, this register is equal to RemainingCapacityFiltered();

otherwise, it is equal to RemainingCapacityUnfiltered(). Units are mAh.

5.8 FullChargeCapacity(): 0x0E and 0x0F

This read-only command pair returns the compensated capacity of the battery when fully charged.

FullChargeCapacity() is updated at regular intervals and is compensated for load and temperature. If

OpConfigB [SMOOTHEN] = 1, this register is equal to FullChargeCapacityFiltered(); otherwise, it is equal

to FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered(). Units are mAh.

5.9 AverageCurrent(): 0x10 and 0x11

This read-only command pair returns a signed integer value that is the average current flow through the

sense resistor. In NORMAL mode, it is updated once per second and is calculated by dividing the 1-

second change in coulomb counter data by 1 second. Large current spikes of short duration will be

averaged out in this measurement. Units are mA.

5.10 AveragePower(): 0x18 and 0x19

This read-only function returns a signed integer value of the average power during the charging or

discharging of the battery. It is negative during discharge and positive during charge. A value of 0

indicates that the battery is not being discharged. The value is reported in units of mW.

5.11 StateOfCharge(): 0x1C and 0x1D

This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery capacity

expressed as a percentage of FullChargeCapacity(), with a range of 0 to 100%.

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InternalTemperature(): 0x1E and 0x1F

5.12 InternalTemperature(): 0x1E and 0x1F

This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the internal temperature sensor in units of

0.1°K as measured by the fuel gauge. If OpConfig [TEMPS] = 00, this command will return the same

value as Temperature().

5.13 StateOfHealth(): 0x20 and 0x21

0x20 SOH percentage: this read-only function returns an unsigned integer value, expressed as a

percentage of the ratio of predicted FCC(25°C, SOH LoadI) over the DesignCapacity(). The FCC(25°C,

SOH LoadI) is the calculated FCC at 25°C and the SOH LoadI which is factory programmed (default =

–400 mA). The range of the returned SOH percentage is 0x00 to 0x64, indicating 0 to 100%,

correspondingly.

0x21 SOH Status: this read-only function returns an unsigned integer value, indicating the status of the

SOH percentage:

• 0x00: SOH not valid (initialization)

• 0x01: Instant SOH value ready

• 0x02: Initial SOH value ready

– Calculation based on default Qmax

– May not reflect SOH for currently inserted pack

• 0x03: SOH value ready

– Calculation based on learned Qmax

– Most accurate SOH for currently inserted pack following a Qmax update

• 0x04 through 0xFF: Reserved

5.14 RemainingCapacityUnfiltered(): 0x28 and 0x29

This read-only command pair returns the true battery capacity remaining. This value can jump as the

gauge updates its predictions dynamically. Units are mAh.

5.15 RemainingCapacityFiltered(): 0x2A and 0x2B

This read-only command pair returns the filtered battery capacity remaining. This value is not allowed to

jump unless RemainingCapacityUnfiltered() reaches empty or full before RemainingCapacityFiltered()

does. Units are mAh.

5.16 FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered(): 0x2C and 0x2D

This read-only command pair returns the compensated capacity of the battery when fully charged. Units

are mAh. FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered() is updated at regular intervals.

5.17 FullChargeCapacityFiltered(): 0x2E and 0x2F

This read-only command pair returns the filtered compensated capacity of the battery when fully charged.

Units are mAh. FullChargeCapacityFiltered() is updated at regular intervals. It has no physical meaning

and is manipulated to ensure the StateOfCharge() register is smoothed if OpConfigB [SMOOTHEN] = 1.

5.18 StateOfChargeUnfiltered(): 0x30 and 0x31

This read-only command pair returns the true state-of-charge. Units are %. StateOfChargeUnfiltered() is

updated at regular intervals, and may jump as the gauge updates its predictions dynamically.

StateOfChargeUnfiltered() is always calculated as

RemainingCapacityUnfiltered()/FullChargeCapacityUnfiltered(), rounded up to the nearest whole

percentage point.

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StateOfChargeUnfiltered(): 0x30 and 0x31

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Chapter 6

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Extended Data Commands

Extended data commands offer additional functionality beyond the standard set of commands. They are

used in the same manner; however, unlike standard commands, extended commands are not limited to 2-

byte words. The number of command bytes for a given extended command ranges in size from single to

multiple bytes, as specified in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1. Extended Commands

SEALED UNSEALED

Name Command Code Unit Access(1)(2) Access(1)(2)

DataClass()(2) 0x3E NA NA RW

DataBlock()(2) 0x3F NA RW RW

BlockData() 0x40 through 0x5F NA R RW

BlockDataCheckSum() 0x60 NA RW RW

BlockDataControl() 0x61 NA NA RW

Reserved 0x62 through 0x7F NA R R

(1) SEALED and UNSEALED states are entered via commands to Control() 0x00 and 0x01.

(2) In SEALED mode, data cannot be accessed through commands 0x3E and 0x3F.

6.1 DataClass(): 0x3E

UNSEALED Access: This command sets the data class to be accessed. The class to be accessed should

be entered in hexadecimal.

SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.

6.2 DataBlock(): 0x3F

UNSEALED Access: This command sets the data block to be accessed. When 0x00 is written to

BlockDataControl(),DataBlock() holds the block number of the data to be read or written. Example: writing

a 0x00 to DataBlock() specifies access to the first 32-byte block and a 0x01 specifies access to the

second 32-byte block, and so on.

SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.

6.3 BlockData(): 0x40 Through 0x5F

UNSEALED Access: This data block is the remainder of the 32-byte data block when accessing general

block data.

6.4 BlockDataChecksum(): 0x60

UNSEALED Access: This byte contains the checksum on the 32 bytes of block data read or written. The

least-significant byte of the sum of the data bytes written must be complemented ([255 – x], for x the least-

significant byte) before being written to 0x60. For a block write, the correct complemented checksum must

be written before the BlockData() will be transferred to RAM.

SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.

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BlockDataControl(): 0x61

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6.5 BlockDataControl(): 0x61

UNSEALED Access: This command is used to control the data access mode. Writing 0x00 to this

command enables BlockData() to access RAM.

SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.

6.6 Reserved—0x62 Through 0x7F

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Reserved—0x62 Through 0x7F

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Chapter 7

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Data Memory

7.1 Data Memory Interface

7.1.1 Accessing the Data Memory

The Data Memory contains initialization, default, cell status, calibration, configuration, and user

information. Most Data Memory parameters reside in volatile RAM initialized by associated parameters

from ROM. However, some Data Memory parameters are directly accessed from ROM and do not have

an associated RAM copy. The Data Memory can be accessed in several different ways, depending in

which mode the fuel gauge is operating and what data is being accessed.

Commonly accessed Data Memory locations, frequently read by a system, are conveniently accessed

through specific instructions already described in Chapter 6,Extended Data Commands. These

commands are available when the fuel gauge is either in UNSEALED or SEALED mode.

Most Data Memory locations, however, are only accessible in the UNSEALED mode by use of the

evaluation software or by Data Memory block transfers. These locations should be optimized and/or fixed

during the development and manufacturing processes. They become part of a golden image file and then

can be written to multiple battery packs. Once established, the values generally remain unchanged during

end-equipment operation.

To access Data Memory locations individually, the block containing the desired Data Memory location(s)

must be transferred to the command register locations, where they can be read to the system or changed

directly. This is accomplished by sending the set-up command BlockDataControl() (0x61) with data 0x00.

Up to 32 bytes of data can be read directly from the BlockData() (0x40 through 0x5F), externally altered,

then rewritten to the BlockData() command space. Alternatively, specific locations can be read, altered,

and rewritten if their corresponding offsets index into the BlockData() command space. Finally, the data

residing in the command space is transferred to Data Memory, once the correct checksum for the whole

block is written to BlockDataChecksum() (0x60).

Occasionally, a Data Memory class is larger than the 32-byte block size. In this case, the DataBlock()

command designates in which 32-byte block the desired locations reside. The correct command address

is then given by 0x40 + offset modulo 32. For an example of this type of Data Memory access, see

Section 4.1.

Reading and writing subclass data are block operations up to 32 bytes in length. During a write, if the data

length exceeds the maximum block size, then the data is ignored.

None of the data written to memory are bounded by the fuel gauge — the values are not rejected by the

fuel gauge. Writing an incorrect value may result in incorrect operation due to firmware program

interpretation of the invalid data. The written data is not persistent, so a POR does resolve the fault.

7.1.2 Access Modes

The fuel gauge provides two access modes, UNSEALED and SEALED, that control the Data Memory

access permissions. The default access mode of the fuel gauge is UNSEALED, so the system processor

must send a SEALED subcommand after a gauge reset to utilize the data protection feature. It is highly

recommended to keep the gauge in SEALED mode unless to access specific information that can be

accessed only during UNSEALED mode.

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7.1.3 SEALING and UNSEALING Data Memory Access

The fuel gauge implements a key-access scheme to transition from SEALED to UNSEALED mode. Once

SEALED via the associated subcommand, a unique set of two keys must be sent to the fuel gauge via the

Control() command to return to UNSEALED mode. The keys must be sent consecutively, with no other

data being written to the Control() register in between.

When in the SEALED mode, the CONTROL_STATUS [SS] bit is set; but when the Sealed to Unsealed

keys are correctly received by the fuel gauge, the [SS] bit is cleared. The Sealed to Unsealed key has

two identical words stored in ROM with a value of 0x8000 8000; therefore, Control() should supply 0x8000

and 0x8000 (again) to unseal the part.

7.2 Data Types Summary

Table 7-1. Data Type Decoder

Type Min Value Max Value

F4 ±9.8603 × 10–39 ±5.707267 × 1037

H1 0x00 0xFF

H2 0x00 0xFFFF

H4 0x00 0xFFFF FFFF

I1 –128 127

I2 –32768 32767

I4 −2,147,483,648 2,147,483,647

Sx 1-byte string X-byte string

U1 0 255

U2 0 65535

U4 0 4,294,967,295

7.3 Data Flash Summary

Table 7-2. Data Flash Summary

Class Subclass Subclass ID Offset Type Name Min Max Default Units

Configuration Safety 2 0 I2 Over Temp –1200 1200 550 0.1°C

Configuration Safety 2 2 I2 Under Temp –1200 1200 0 0.1°C

Configuration Safety 2 4 U1 Temp Hys 0 255 50 0.1°C

Charge

Configuration 36 3 I1 TCA Set % –1 100 99 %

Termination

Charge

Configuration 36 4 I1 TCA Clear % –1 100 95 %

Termination

Charge

Configuration 36 5 I1 FC Set % –1 100 –1 %

Termination

Charge

Configuration 36 6 I1 FC Clear % 0 100 98 %

Termination

Charge

Configuration 36 7 I2 DODatEOC Delta T 0 1000 50 0.1°C

Termination

Configuration Discharge 49 0 U1 SOC1 Set Threshold 0 100 10 %

SOC1 Clear

Configuration Discharge 49 1 U1 0 100 15 %

Threshold

SOCF Set

Configuration Discharge 49 2 U1 0 100 2 %

Threshold

SOCF Clear

Configuration Discharge 49 3 U1 0 100 5 %

Threshold

Configuration Registers 64 0 H2 OpConfig 0 ffff 6578 Flag

Configuration Registers 64 2 H1 OpConfigB 0 ff 0f Flag

Configuration Registers 64 3 H1 OpConfigC 0 ff 9f Flag

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Table 7-2. Data Flash Summary (continued)

Class Subclass Subclass ID Offset Type Name Min Max Default Units

Configuration Registers 64 4 H1 OpConfigD 0 ff 23 Flag

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 7 U2 OCV Wait Time 0 65535 60 s

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 18 U2 Ra Filter 0 1000 800 Num

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 20 I2 Res V Drop 0 32767 50 mV

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 22 U2 Samples to Wake 0 65535 100 s

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 24 U2 Qmax Max Time 0 65535 18000 s

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 31 U1 DOD Valid Time 0 255 25 s

Fast Qmax Start

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 33 U1 0 100 92 %

DOD %

Fast Qmax End

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 34 U1 0 100 96 %

DOD %

Fast Qmax Start

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 35 I2 0 4200 125 mV

Volt Delta

Fast Qmax Current

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 37 U2 0 1000 4 Hr rate

Threshold

Fast Qmax Min

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 39 U1 0 255 3 Num

Points

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 43 U1 Max Qmax Change 0 255 20 %

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 44 U1 Qmax Max Delta % 0 255 10 %DCap

Max % Default

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 45 U1 0 255 120 %DCap

Qmax

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 46 U1 Qmax Filter 0 255 96 Num

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 48 U2 ResRelax Time 0 65535 500 s

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 50 I2 User Rate-mA –32768 0 0 mA

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 52 I2 User Rate-mW –32768 0 0 mW

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 57 U1 Max Sim Rate 0 255 1 Hr rate

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 58 U1 Min Sim Rate 0 255 20 Hr rate

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 59 U2 Ra Max Delta 0 32767 11 4 mΩ

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 68 I2 Min Delta Voltage 0 32767 0 mV

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 70 I2 Max Delta Voltage 0 32767 200 mV

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 72 I2 DeltaV Max dV 0 32767 100 mV

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 74 U1 TermV Valid t 0 255 2 s

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 75 I2 Trace Resistance 0 32767 0 mΩ

Downstream

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 77 I2 0 32767 0 mΩ

Resistance

Predict Ambient

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 79 U2 0 65535 2000 s

Time

Design Energy

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 81 U1 1 10 1 Num

Scale

Fast Scale Load

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 82 U1 0 6 3 Num

Select

Chg DOD Correction

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 83 U1 0 101 90 Num

Start SOC

Chg DOD Correction

Gas Gauging IT Cfg 80 84 U1 0 5 2 Num

Taper Ratio

Dsg Current .1 Hr

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 0 I2 0 2000 167

Threshold rate

Chg Current .1 Hr

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 2 I2 0 2000 100

Threshold rate

.1 Hr

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 4 I2 Quit Current 0 2000 250 rate

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 6 U2 Dsg Relax Time 0 65535 60 s

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 8 U1 Chg Relax Time 0 255 60 s

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 9 U1 Quit Relax Time 0 255 1 s

Gas Gauging Current Thresholds 81 12 U2 Max IR Correct 0 1000 400 mV

Gas Gauging State 82 0 I2 Qmax Cell 0 0 32767 16384 Num

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Table 7-2. Data Flash Summary (continued)

Class Subclass Subclass ID Offset Type Name Min Max Default Units

Gas Gauging State 82 2 H1 Update Status 0 ff 0 Hex

Gas Gauging State 82 3 I2 Reserve Cap-mAh 0 9000 0 mAh

Gas Gauging State 82 5 H1 Load Select/Mode 0 ff 81 Hex

Gas Gauging State 82 6 I2 Design Capacity 0 8000 1340 mAh

Gas Gauging State 82 8 I2 Design Energy 0 32767 4960 mWh

Gas Gauging State 82 10 I2 Terminate Voltage 2500 3700 3200 mV

Gas Gauging State 82 16 I2 T Rise 0 32767 20 Num

Gas Gauging State 82 18 I2 T Time Constant 0 32767 1000 s

Gas Gauging State 82 20 U1 SOCI Delta 0 100 1 %

.1 Hr

Gas Gauging State 82 21 I2 Taper Rate 0 2000 100 rate

Gas Gauging State 82 23 I2 Sleep Current 0 1000 10 mA

.1 Hr

Gas Gauging State 82 25 I2 Avg I Last Run –32768 –1 –50 rate

.1 Hr

Gas Gauging State 82 27 I2 Avg P Last Run –32768 –1 –50 rate

Gas Gauging State 82 29 I2 Delta Voltage 0 1000 1 mV

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 0 I2 Ra 0 0 32767 102 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 2 I2 Ra 1 0 32767 102 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 4 I2 Ra 2 0 32767 99 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 6 I2 Ra 3 0 32767 107 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 8 I2 Ra 4 0 32767 72 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 10 I2 Ra 5 0 32767 59 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 12 I2 Ra 6 0 32767 62 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 14 I2 Ra 7 0 32767 63 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 16 I2 Ra 8 0 32767 53 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 18 I2 Ra 9 0 32767 47 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 20 I2 Ra 10 0 32767 60 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 22 I2 Ra 11 0 32767 70 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 24 I2 Ra 12 0 32767 140 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 26 I2 Ra 13 0 32767 369 Num

Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 28 I2 Ra 14 0 32767 588 Num

Chemistry Info Chem Data 109 2 I2 Q Invalid MaxV 0 32767 3803 mV

Chemistry Info Chem Data 109 4 I2 Q Invalid MinV 0 32767 3752 mV

Chemistry Info Chem Data 109 6 I2 V at Chg Term 0 5000 4190 mV

Chemistry Info Chem Data 109 8 I2 Taper Voltage 0 5000 4100 mV

Calibration Data 104 0 I1 Board Offset –128 127 0 Counts

Calibration Data 104 1 I1 Int Temp Offset –128 127 0 0.1°C

Calibration Data 104 2 I1 Ext Temp Offset –128 127 0 0.1°C

Calibration Data 104 3 I1 Pack V Offset –128 127 0 mV

Calibration Data 104 4 I2 Ext a Coef 1 –32768 32767 –11130 Num

Calibration Data 104 6 I2 Ext a Coef 2 –32768 32767 19142 Num

Calibration Data 104 8 I2 Ext a Coef 3 –32768 32767 –19262 Num

Calibration Data 104 10 I2 Ext a Coef 4 –32768 32767 28203 Num

Calibration Data 104 12 I2 Ext a Coef 5 –32768 32767 892 Num

Calibration Data 104 14 I2 Ext b Coef 1 –32768 32767 328 Num

Calibration Data 104 16 I2 Ext b Coef 2 –32768 32767 –605 Num

Calibration Data 104 18 I2 Ext b Coef 3 –32768 32767 –2443 Num

Calibration Data 104 20 I2 Ext b Coef 4 –32768 32767 4696 Num

Calibration CC Cal 105 0 I2 CC Offset –32768 32767 0 Counts

Calibration CC Cal 105 2 I2 CC Cal Temp 0 32767 2982 °K

Calibration CC Cal 105 4 F4 CC Gain 1.00E–01 4.00E+01 0.238 Num

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Table 7-2. Data Flash Summary (continued)

Class Subclass Subclass ID Offset Type Name Min Max Default Units

Calibration CC Cal 105 8 F4 CC Delta 3.00E+04 3.00E+06 799341.14 Num

Calibration Current 107 1 U1 Deadband 0 255 5 mA

Security Codes 112 0 H4 Sealed to Unsealed 10001 ffffffff 80008000 Hex

7.4 Data Memory Parameter Descriptions

7.4.1 Configuration Class

7.4.1.1 Safety Subclass

7.4.1.1.1 Over-Temperature Threshold, Under-Temperature Threshold, Temperature Hysteresis

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

0 I2 Over Temp –1200 1200 550 0.1°C

Safety 2 2 I2 Under Temp –1200 1200 0 0.1°C

4 U1 Temp Hys 0 255 50 0.1°C

An over-temperature condition is detected if Temperature() ≥Over Temp (default = 55 °C) and indicated

by setting the Flags() [OT] bit. The [OT] bit is cleared when Temperature() <Over Temp –Temp Hys

(default = 50 °C).

An under-temperature condition is detected if Temperature() ≤Under Temp (default = 0 °C) and indicated

by setting the Flags() [UT] bit. The [UT] bit is cleared when Temperature() >Under Temp +Temp Hys

(default = 5 °C).

7.4.1.2 Charge Termination Subclass

7.4.1.2.1 Terminate Charge Alarm Set %, Terminate Charge Alarm Clear %

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

3 I1 TCA Set % –1 100 99 %

Charge 36

Termination 4 I1 TCA Clear % –1 100 95 %

The Flags() [CHG] bit is set when SOC reaches TCA Set % and is cleared when it drops below TCA

Clear %.

The Flags() [CHG] bit is set when Primary Charge Termination conditions are met and TCA Set % is set

to –1%.

See Section 7.4.2.3.10 for details about the Primary Charge Termination Algorithm.

7.4.1.2.2 Full Charge Set %, Full Charge Clear %

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

5 I1 FC Set % –1 100 –1 %

Charge 36

Termination 6 I1 FC Clear % 0 100 98 %

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The Flags() [FC] bit is set when SOC reaches FC Set % and is cleared when it drops below FC Clear %.

The Flags() [FC] bit is set when Primary Charge Termination conditions are met and FC Set % is set to

–1%.

See Section 7.4.2.3.10 for details about the Primary Charge Termination Algorithm.

7.4.1.2.3 DOD at EOC Delta Temperature

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Charge 7 I2 DODatEOC Delta T 0 1000 50 0.1°C

Termination

This represents the temperature change threshold to update Qstart and RemainingCapacity() due to

temperature changes. During relaxation and at the start of charging, the remaining capacity is calculated

as RemainingCapacity() =FullChargeCapacity() – Qstart. As temperature decreases, Qstart can become

much smaller than the old FullChargeCapacity() value, resulting in an overestimation of

RemainingCapacity(). To improve accuracy, FullChargeCapacity() is updated when the temperature

change since the last FullChargeCapacity() update is greater than DODatEOC Delta T × 0.1ºC. The

default value is 50.

NOTE: The units are a tenth of a °C, which means a value of 50 corresponds to 5ºC.

7.4.1.3 Discharge Subclass

7.4.1.3.1 State-of-Charge 1 Set Threshold, State-of-Charge 1 Clear Threshold

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

0 U1 SOC1 Set Threshold 0 100 10 %

Discharge 49 1 U1 SOC1 Clear Threshold 0 100 15 %

When StateOfCharge() falls to or below the first capacity threshold, as specified in SOC1 Set Threshold,

the Flags() [SOC1] bit is set. This bit is cleared once StateOfCharge() rises to or above SOC1 Clear

Threshold.

These values are up to the user's preference.

7.4.1.3.2 State-of-Charge Final Set Threshold, State-of-Charge Final Clear Threshold

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

2 U1 SOCF Set Threshold 0 100 2 %

Discharge 49 3 U1 SOCF Clear Threshold 0 100 5 %

When StateOfCharge() falls to or below the final capacity threshold, as specified in SOCF Set Threshold,

the Flags() [SOCF] bit is set. This bit is cleared once StateOfCharge() rises to or above SOCF Clear

Threshold. The [SOCF] bit serves as the final discharge warning.

These values are up to the user's preference.

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7.4.1.4 Registers

7.4.1.4.1 Operation Configuration (OpConfig) Register

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Registers 64 0 H2 OpConfig 0 FFFF 6478 Flag

Table 7-3. OpConfig Register Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

High Byte RSVD0 RSVD1 BIE RSVD0 GPIOPOL RSVD1 RSVD0 RSVD0

01100100

Default = 0x64

FastConv Temp Temp

Low Byte RSVD0 ResFactStep SLEEP RMFCC BATLOWEN

En Source[1] Source[0]

01111000

Default = 0x78

High Byte

RSVD0 = Reserved. Default is 0. (Set to 0 for proper operation.)

RSVD1 = Reserved. Default is 1. (Set to 1 for proper operation.)

BIE = Battery Insertion Enable. If set, the battery insertion is detected via the BIN pin input. If cleared, the

detection relies on the host to issue the BAT_INSERT subcommand to indicate battery presence in the

system.

GPIOPOL = GPOUT pin is active-high if set or active-low if cleared.

Low Byte

ResFactStep = Enables Ra step up/down to Max/Min Res factor before disabling Ra updates

SLEEP = The fuel gauge can enter sleep, if operating conditions allow. True when set.

RMFCC = RM is updated with the value from FCC on valid charge termination. True when set.

FastConvEn = Enables Fast SOC Convergence. True when set.

BATLOWEN = If set, the BAT_LOW function for GPOUT pin is selected. If cleared, the SOC_INT function is selected

for GPOUT.

TempSource[1:0] = Selects the temperature source. Enables the host to write Temperature() if set. If cleared, the internal

temperature sensor is used for Temperature().

00 = Internal Temperature Sensor is used as Temperature Source.

01 = External Thermistor is used as Temperature Source.

10 = Host written Temperature is used as Temperature Source.

7.4.1.4.2 Operation Configuration B (OpConfigB) Register

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Registers 64 2 H1 OpConfigB 0 FF 0F Flag

Table 7-4. OpConfigB Register Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

RSVD0 RSVD0 RSVD0 RSVD0 RSVD1 SMOOTHEN RSVD1 RSVD1

00001111

Default = 0x0F

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SMOOTHEN = Enables the SOC smoothing feature. True when set.

RSVD0 = Reserved. Default is 0. (Set to 0 for proper operation.)

RSVD1 = Reserved. Default is 1. (Set to 1 for proper operation.)

7.4.1.4.3 Operation Configuration C (OpConfigC) Register

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Registers 64 2 H1 OpConfigC 0 FF 9F Flag

Table 7-5. OpConfigC Register Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

Non SOCHold SOCHold SOCHold Predict

RSVD1 RSVD0 SOCHold99

Removable 1 OvrChg OvrDsg Ambient

10011111

Default = 0x9F

RSVD1 = Reserved. Default is 1. (Set to 1 for proper operation.)

Non Removable = If Set, Fuel gauge assumes battery is present and ignores BIE functionality or the Battery insert

commands. If cleared, fuel gauge relies on BIE functionality or battery insertion commands to indicate

battery presence

RSVD0= Reserved: Default is 0.

SOCHold99 = The fuel gauge will prevent StateofCharge() from reporting 100% until Flags()[FC] is set. Set to 1 to

enable.

SOCHold1 = The fuel gauge will prevent StateofCharge() from reporting 0% until Voltage() is less than or equal to

Terminate Voltage. Set to 1 to enable.

SOCHoldOvrChg = The fuel gauge will hold StateofCharge() at 100% while in an overcharge condition and not decrement

until the charge surplus is equalized. Set to 1 to enable.

SOCHoldOvrDsg = The fuel gauge will hold StateofCharge() at 0% while in an overdischarge condition and not decrement

until the charge deficit is equalized. Set to 1 to enable.

PredictAmbient =

0 = Disables ambient temperature adaptability for gauging

1 = Enables ambient temperature adaptability for gauging

7.4.1.4.4 Operation Configuration D (OpConfigD) Register

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Registers 64 2 H1 OpConfigD 0 FF 23 Flag

Table 7-6. OpConfigD Register Bit Definitions

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

NoDeltaV Postpone DODCorChg DODCor

FilterAlways ChemID[1] ChemID[0] DODCorChg

Avg LgDrops0 Always DSG

00100011

Default = 0x23

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Filter Always = If set, Qmax/Ra filters always applied. If cleared, the first simulation will be unfiltered.

NoDeltaVAvg = If set, the last instantaneous change in Voltage() from steady state determines end of discharge voltage.

If cleared, average variance from steady state voltage used to determine end of discharge voltage.

PostponeLgDrops0 = If set, when a simulation results in RemCap = 0 before Ra scaling begins, then the reporting of RemCap

= 0 is delayed till fast scaling starts. If cleared, if simulation results in RemCap = 0, then RemCap is

reported as 0 instantly.

ChemID[1:0] =

00 = Chem ID 3230 is used.

01 = Chem ID 1202 is used.

10 = Chem ID 3142 is used.

11 = RSVD

DODCorChgAlways = If set, enable present DoD recalculation during every charge cycle.

DODCorChg = Enable present DoD recalculation during charging only. True when set. Default setting is recommended.

DODCorDSG= Enable present DoD recalculation during discharging only. True when set. Default setting is

recommended.

7.4.2 Gas (Fuel) Gauging Class

7.4.2.1 IT Cfg Subclass

7.4.2.1.1 OCV Wait Time

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 7 U2 OCV Wait Time 0 65535 60 s

7.4.2.1.2 Ra Filter

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 18 U2 Ra Filter 0 1000 800 Num

Ra table updates are filtered. This is a weighting factor that takes a certain percentage of the previous Ra

table value, and the remaining percentage comes from the newest calculated Ra value. This prevents

resistances in the Ra table from changing quickly.

Ra = (Ra_old × Ra Filter + Ra_new × (1000 – Ra Filter )) ÷ 1000

Ra Filter is normally set to 800 (80% previous Ra value plus 20% learned Ra value to form new Ra

value).

7.4.2.1.3 Resistance Update Voltage Drop

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 20 I2 Res V Drop 0 32767 50 mV

Res V Drop is used during battery discharge to qualify sufficient conditions for measuring and storing

resistance values. It is useful in applications with low-rate discharge or frequent cold temperature usage

that typically have trouble achieving consistent resistance updates. Even with low current, the voltage drop

requirement can still be met if enough cell resistance is evident.

7.4.2.1.4 Samples to Wake

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Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 22 U2 Samples to Wake 0 65535 100 s

7.4.2.1.5 Qmax Max Time

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 24 U2 Qmax Max Time 0 65535 18000 s

7.4.2.1.6 Fast Qmax Start DOD%, Fast Qmax Start Voltage Delta, Fast Qmax Current Threshold

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

33 U1 Fast Qmax Start DOD % 0 100 92 %

35 I2 Fast Qmax Start Volt Delta 0 4200 125 mV

IT Cfg 80 37 U2 Fast Qmax Current 0 1000 4 h rate

Threshold

Fast Qmax measurement starts when the following conditions are met,

• DOD > Fast Qmax Start DOD% or

Voltage < Terminate Voltage +Fast Qmax Start Volt Delta

• Current < C/Fast Qmax Current Threshold

7.4.2.1.7 Fast Qmax End DOD%, Fast Qmax Minimum Data Points

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

34 U1 Fast Qmax End DOD % 0 100 96 %

IT Cfg 80 39 U1 Fast Qmax Min Points 0 255 3 Num

Fast Qmax measurement is calculated at the end of discharge when the following conditions are met:

• Number of Fast Qmax measurements > Fast Qmax Min Points

• DOD > Fast Qmax End DOD%

7.4.2.1.8 Maximum Qmax Change

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 45 U1 Max Qmax Change 0 255 20 %

Max Qmax Change specifies the maximum allowed change in Qmax value during Qmax update. Qmax

update is disqualified if the change from previous Qmax value is greater than Max Qmax Change.

7.4.2.1.9 Qmax Maximum Delta %

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 46 U1 Qmax Max Delta % 0 255 10 %

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This is the percentage of DesignCapacity() that limits how much Qmax may grow or shrink during any

one Qmax update.

The default is 10%.

7.4.2.1.10 Maximum % Default Qmax

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 47 U1 Max % Default Qmax 0 255 120 %

Provides an upper limit to the value to which Qmax can be learned. The default value is sufficient for most

applications.

7.4.2.1.11 Qmax Filter

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 48 U1 Qmax Filter 0 255 96 Num

Qmax updates are filtered to prevent corrupt values. It is not recommended to change this value.

7.4.2.1.12 Simulation ResRelax Time (ResRelax Time)

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 50 U2 ResRelax Time 0 65535 500 s

ResRelax Time, or resistance relaxation time, is used for transient modeling. It represents the time it

takes for the internal resistance to be fully saturated. This way the gauge will not simulate immediate large

IR drops when it calculates the instantaneous voltage from the battery under load. The default value is

500 seconds, which is sufficient for most applications.

This value is used for Impedance Track transient modeling of effective resistance. The resistance

increases from 0 to a final value determined by the Ra table, as defined by the exponent with time

constant ResRelax Time during discharge simulation. The default value is optimized for typical cell

behavior.

7.4.2.1.13 User-Defined Rate-Current

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 52 I2 User Rate-mA –32768 0 0 mA

This is the discharge rate used for the Impedance Track simulation of a voltage profile to determine

discharge capacity. It is only used when Load Mode = 0 (constant-current) and Load Select = 6 (user-

defined rate).

User Rate-mA is only used if Load Select is set to 6 and Load Mode = 0. If these criteria are met, then

the current stored in this register is used for the RemainingCapacity() computation in the Impedance Track

algorithm. This is the only function that uses this register.

It is unlikely that this register is used. An example application that requires this register is one that has

increased predefined current at the end of discharge. With this application, it is logical to adjust the rate

compensation to this period because the IR drop during this end period is affected when Terminate

Voltage is reached. The default value is 0.

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7.4.2.1.14 User-Defined Rate-Power

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 54 I2 User Rate-mW –32768 0 0 mW

This is the discharge rate used for the Impedance Track simulation of a voltage profile to determine

discharge capacity. It is only used when Load Mode = 1 (constant-power) and Load Select = 6 (user-

defined rate).

User Rate-Pwr is only used if Load Select is set to 6 and Load Mode = 1. If these criteria are met, then

the power stored in this register is used for the RemainingCapacity() computation in the Impedance Track

algorithm. This is the only function that uses this register.

It is unlikely that this register is used. An example application that requires this register is one that has

increased predefined power at the end of discharge. With this application, it is logical to adjust the rate

compensation to this period because the IR drop during this end period is affected when Terminate

Voltage is reached. The actual unit of this parameter is dependent on Design Energy Scale. The default

value is 0.

7.4.2.1.15 Maximum Simulation Rate, Minimum Simulation Rate

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

61 U1 Max Sim Rate 0 255 1 h rate

IT Cfg 80 62 U1 Min Sim Rate 0 255 20 h rate

Max Sim Rate:

Maximum IT simulation rate (inversed). 2 implies C/2. This is the maximum load used in IT simulations in

terms of C-rate. This register defaults to 1.

Min Sim Rate:

Minimum IT simulation rate (inversed). 20 implies C/20. This is the minimum load used in IT simulations in

terms of C-rate. This register defaults to 20.

7.4.2.1.16 Ra Max Delta

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 63 U2 Ra Max Delta 0 32767 11 4 mΩ

During the update of Ra values, a filtering process is performed to eliminate unexpected fluctuations in the

updated Ra values. Ra Max Delta limits the change in Ra values to an absolute magnitude per Ra

update.

7.4.2.1.17 Minimum Delta Voltage, Maximum Delta Voltage

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

72 I2 Min Delta Voltage 0 32767 0 mV

IT Cfg 80 74 I2 Max Delta Voltage 0 32767 200 mV

These parameters are the lower and upper bounds on the value that Delta Voltage is allowed to learn,

and are saved during discharge cycles.

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7.4.2.1.18 DeltaV Maximum Delta Voltage

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 76 I2 DeltaV Max dV 0 32767 100 mV

This parameter limits the amount of change allowed for each update of Delta Voltage.Delta Voltage will

only be updated in Data Memory after a discharge of at least 500 seconds has occurred and stopped.

7.4.2.1.19 Terminate Voltage Valid Time

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

IT Cfg 80 78 U1 TermV Valid t 0 255 2 s

The voltage must dip below Terminate Voltage for at least this many seconds before

RemainingCapacity() and StateOfCharge() will be forced to zero.

7.4.2.1.20 Trace Resistance

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

80 IT Cfg 92 Trace Resistance I2 0 32767 0 mΩ

Trace Resistance is the nominal resistance between the cell and the coulomb counter measurement

point in a given application. Flex cabling and long copper traces on the PCB itself can contribute to this

resistance and inject error into the SOC prediction. The fuel gauge offsets cell resistance with this value to

improve RemainingCapacity() estimation.

7.4.2.1.21 Downstream Resistance

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

80 IT Cfg 94 Downstream Resistance I2 0 32767 0 mΩ

Downstream Resistance is the nominal resistance between the coulomb counter measurement point and

the system voltage node in a given application. Long copper traces on the PCB itself can contribute to this

resistance and inject error into the SOC prediction. The fuel gauge offsets cell resistance with this value to

improve RemainingCapacity() estimation.

7.4.2.1.22 Predict Ambient Time

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

80 IT Cfg 79 Predict Ambient Time U2 0 65535 2000 s

Predict Ambient Time determines the wait time before the algorithm starts to predict the ambient

temperature during charge/discharge.

7.4.2.1.23 Design Energy Scale

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Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

80 IT Cfg 81 Design Energy Scale U1 1 10 1 Num

Design Energy Scale selects the scale and units of a set of data flash parameters. The value of Design

Energy Scale can be either 1 or 10. For battery capacities larger than 6 Ah, Design Energy Scale = 10 is

recommended.

7.4.2.1.24 Fast Scale Load Select

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

80 IT Cfg 82 Fast Scale Load Select U1 0 6 3 Num

Fast Scale Load Select is used to configure an independent load profile for use with Fast Resistance

Scaling Mode. It can be set to any value supported by the standard Load Select, and is useful for

systems that exhibit significant load changes near the end of discharge, allowing the gauge to better

predict remaining SOC in such cases. The default value for Fast Scale Load Select is set to 3 (14 s

average of the current/power). This makes it more responsive to changes in load near empty and helps it

converge better to 0%. This helps in cases where the discharge was at a relatively light load during most

of the discharge, but the load increases dramatically near the end.

7.4.2.1.25 Chg DOD Correction Start SOC

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

Chg DOD Correction Start

80 IT Cfg 83 U1 0 101 90 Num

SOC

DOD correction during charge will start when SOC is above Chg DOD Correction Start SOC.

7.4.2.1.26 Chg DOD Correction Taper Ratio

Subclass Subclass Offset Name Data Value Unit

ID Type Min Max Default

Chg DOD Correction

80 IT Cfg 84 U1 0 5 2 Num

Taper Ratio

DOD correction during charge will be applied when current is below Chg DOD Correction Taper Ratio.

7.4.2.2 Current Thresholds Subclass

7.4.2.2.1 Discharge and Charge Detection Threshold, Quit Current and Relax Time, Discharge and

Charge Relax Time

Value

Subclass ID Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

Min Max Default

0 I2 Dsg Current Threshold 0 2000 167 0.1 h

2 I2 Chg Current Threshold 0 2000 100 0.1 h

4 I2 Quit Current 0 1000 250 0.1 h

Current

81 Thresholds 6 U2 Dsg Relax Time 0 65535 60 s

8 U1 Chg Relax Time 0 255 60 s

9 U1 Quit Relax Time 0 255 1 s

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The gauging algorithm transitions between three states: DISCHARGE, CHARGE, and RELAXATION

modes of operation. During charge mode, the [DSG] bit of the Flags() register is cleared, and during

discharge and RELAXATION mode it is set. Entry and exit for each mode is controlled by six parameters

in the Current Thresholds Subclass.

The discharge current threshold can be calculated as Design Capacity/(Dsg Current Threshold × 0.1).

The default is effectively C/16.7.

The charge current threshold can be calculated as Design Capacity/(Chg Current Threshold × 0.1). The

default is effectively C/10.

The quit current threshold can be calculated as Design Capacity/(Quit Current × 0.1). The default is

effectively C/25.

Charge mode is exited and RELAXATION mode is entered when EffectiveCurrent() goes below the quit

current threshold for the number of seconds specified in Charge Relax Time (default 60 s). Discharge

mode is entered when EffectiveCurrent() goes below the discharge current threshold for Quit Relax Time

(default 1 s). Discharge mode is exited and RELAXATION mode is entered when EffectiveCurrent() goes

above negative quit current threshold for Dsg Relax Time (default 60 s). Charge mode is entered when

EffectiveCurrent() goes above the charge current threshold for Charge Relax Time (default 60 s).

Figure 7-1. Example of Algorithm Operation Mode Changes with Varying DataRAM.Average Current()

7.4.2.2.2 Max IR Correct

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

Current U2 Max IR Correct 0 1000 400 mV

81 12

Thresholds

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Max IR Correct is a maximum IR correction applied to OCV lookup under load. It only applies to OCV

lookup after a wakeup with a detected charge current when the gauge must establish a capacity baseline,

but the current is already flowing.

If current is flowing during a voltage measurement that is used for finding an initial DOD, IR correction

eliminates the effects of the IR drop across the cell impedance and obtains true OCV. Max IR Correct is

the maximum value of IR correction used. It helps to avoid artifacts due to very high resistance at low

DOD values during charge.

This is specific to handheld applications. The default is 400 mV.

7.4.2.3 State Subclass

7.4.2.3.1 Qmax Cell 0

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 0 I2 Qmax Cell 0 0 32767 16384 Num

Qmax contains the maximum chemical capacity of the cell, and is determined by comparing states of

charge before and after applying the load with the amount of charge passed. It corresponds to capacity at

low rate (~C/20) of discharge. For high accuracy, this value is periodically updated by the gauge during

operation. The Impedance Track algorithm updates this value and maintains it.

To translate the Qmax register to mAh, use this formula:

Qmax (mAh) = Qmax Cell 0 ×Design Capacity/214

7.4.2.3.2 Update Status

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 2 H1 Update Status 0 FF 0 Hex

Bit 0 (0x01) and bit 1 (0x02) of the Update Status register indicate whether or not the fuel gauge will

apply limits to changes in Qmax updates and Ra table updates. When bit 0 (0x01) and bit 1 (0x02) of the

Update Status register are cleared, the gauge will apply limits to changes in Qmax and the Ra table. Bit 0

(0x01) and bit 1 (0x02) are cleared by default and should remain cleared during operation. Only if a

learning cycle is to be completed during initial configuration of the gauge’s golden file should bit 0 (0x01)

and bit 1 (0x02) be set.

Bit 7 (0x80) of the Update Status register indicates the default SEALED state of the fuel gauge. This bit is

checked after POR and after exit of CONFIG UPDATE mode to see if the gauge should be placed into the

SEALED or UNSEALED state. If bit 7 (0x80) is set then the gauge will be placed into the SEALED state.

7.4.2.3.3 Reserve Capacity (mAh)

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 3 I2 Reserve Cap-mAh 0 9000 0 mAh

Reserve Cap-mAh determines how much actual remaining capacity exists after reaching zero

RemainingCapacity() before Terminate Voltage is reached. This register is only used if Load Mode = 0

(constant-current). A no-load rate of compensation is applied to this reserve capacity. This is a specialized

function to allow time for a controlled shutdown after zero RemainingCapacity() is reached.

7.4.2.3.4 Load Select, Load Mode

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Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 5 H1 Load Select/Mode 0 FF 81 Hex

Load Mode configures the fuel gauge to use either a constant-current or constant-power model for the

Impedance Track algorithm. When Load Mode is 0, the Constant Current Model is used. This provides a

better estimation of remaining run time, especially close to the end of discharge where current increases

to compensate for decreasing battery voltage. When Load Mode is 1 (default), the Constant Power Model

is used. The CONTROL_STATUS [LDMD] bit reflects the status of Load Mode.

Load Select is used in conjunction with Load Mode to define the type of load model that computes the

load-compensated capacity in the Impedance Track algorithm.

Load Select defines the type of power or current model to be used to compute load-compensated

capacity in the Impedance Track algorithm. By default, Load Select is set to 1, which means the IT

algorithm will use a running average of the current discharge period. Once the discharge stops, the

algorithm stores the average in data flash as the Avg I Last Run and Avg P Last Run variables. For

simulations during RELAXATION, CHARGE, and at the start of DISCHARGE (since a new average has

not been gathered), it would use data flash values for simulations. Once the discharge has lasted 500

seconds, the gauge re-simulates using the new running average. Thereafter, during discharge, it uses the

continuous running average for any subsequent simulations.

Table 7-7. Load Select/Mode Parameter Encoding

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

Load Mode RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD Load Select[2:0]

Default = 10000001

0x81

Load Mode = Bit 7 contains the value for Load Mode. Refer to Table 7-8 and Table 7-9 for operational details.

RSVD = Reserved. Set to 0 for proper operation.

Load Select[2:0] = Bits 2:0 contain the value for Load Select. Refer to Table 7-8 and Table 7-9 for operational details.

Default is 1.

If Load Mode = 0 (Constant current), then the following options are available:

Table 7-8. Current Model Used When Load Mode = 0

Load Select Value Current Model Used

0 Average discharge current from previous cycle: There is an internal register (Avg I Last Run) that records

the average discharge current through each entire discharge cycle. The previous average is stored in this

1 (default) Present average discharge current: This is the average discharge current from the beginning of this

discharge cycle until present time.

2 Average current: based off the AverageCurrent()

3 Current: based off of a low-pass-filtered version of AverageCurrent() (τ= 14 s)

4 Design capacity/5: C Rate based off of Design Capacity/5 or a C/5 rate in mA.

5 Reserved

6 User_Rate-mA: Use the value in User Rate-mA. This provides a user-configurable load model.

All others Reserved

If Load Mode = 1 (Constant power) then the following options are available:

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Table 7-9. Power Model Used When Load Mode = 1

Load Select Value Power Model Used

0 Average discharge power from previous cycle: There is an internal register (Avg P Last Run) that records

the average discharge power through each entire discharge cycle. The previous average is stored in this

1 (default) Present average discharge power: This is the average discharge power from the beginning of this discharge

cycle until present time.

2 Average current × voltage: based off the AverageCurrent() and Voltage().

3 Current × voltage: based off of a low-pass-filtered version of AverageCurrent() (τ= 14 s) and Voltage()

4 Design energy/5: C Rate based off of Design Energy /5 or a C/5 rate in mA .

5 Reserved

6 User_Rate-mW: Use the value in User Rate-mW. This provides a user-configurable load model.

All others Reserved

7.4.2.3.5 Design Capacity, Design Energy, Default Design Capacity

Subclass Subclass Offset Type Name Value Unit

ID Min Max Default

6 I2 Design Capacity 0 8000 1340 mAh

State 82 8 I2 Design Energy 0 32767 4960 mWh

Design Capacity is used for compensated battery capacity remaining and capacity when fully charged

calculations are done by the gauge. It is also used for constant-current model for Impedance Track

algorithm when Load Mode is 0 (constant-current) and Load Select is 4 (Design Capacity/5 for constant

discharge). The CONTROL_STATUS [LDMD] bit indicates the Impedance Track algorithm is assuming

constant-current model when cleared.

Design Energy is used for compensated battery capacity remaining and capacity when fully charged

calculations are done by the gauge. It is also used for constant-power model for Impedance Track

algorithm when Load Mode is 1 (constant-power) and Load Select is 4 (Design Energy/5 for constant

discharge). The CONTROL_STATUS [LDMD] bit indicates the Impedance Track algorithm is using

constant-power model when set.

These values should be set based on the battery specification. See the data sheet from the battery

manufacturer.

7.4.2.3.6 Terminate Voltage

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 10 I2 Terminate Voltage 2500 3700 3200 mV

Terminate Voltage is used in the Impedance Track algorithm to compute RemainingCapacity(). This is

the absolute minimum voltage for end of discharge, where the remaining chemical capacity is assumed to

be zero.

This register is application dependent. It should be set based on the battery cell specification to prevent

damage to the cells or the absolute minimum system input voltage, taking into account the impedance

drop from the PCB traces, FETs, and wires.

Terminate Voltage should typically be set to the lowest possible value at which the system will operate to

maximize run-time and capacity extracted from the battery. The gauge will automatically learn the load

spikes characteristic of the system during operation and store it in Delta Voltage, thereby adding margin

to capacity predictions when necessary. The effect is that StateOfCharge() will reach 0% at Terminate

Voltage +Delta Voltage and RemainingCapacity() will represent the amount of charge available from the

present depth of discharge until that voltage is reached.

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7.4.2.3.7 Thermal Rise Factor (T Rise)

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 16 I2 T Rise 0 32767 20 Num

The T Rise Factor reflects the level of system heating due to self-heating of the cell during discharge. This

number can be measured empirically.

This is the thermal rise factor that is used in the single time constant heating-cooling thermal modeling. If

set to 0, this feature is disabled and simulations in the IT algorithm will not account for self-heating of the

battery cell. Larger values of T Rise lead to higher temperature rise estimates for the IT simulation. T Rise

defaults to 20.

7.4.2.3.8 Thermal Time Constant (T Time Constant)

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 18 I2 T Time Constant 0 32767 1000 s

T Time Constant reflects the time constant of system heating due to self-heating of the cell during

discharge. This number can be measured empirically.

This is the thermal time constant that is used in single time constant heating-cooling thermal modeling.

The default setting can be used, or it can be modified to improve low-temperature accuracy if testing

shows the model does not match the actual performance.

T Time Constant defaults to 1000. This is sufficient for many applications. However, it can be modified if

better predictive accuracy at low temperatures is desired.

7.4.2.3.9 SOC Interrupt Delta

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 20 U1 SOCI Delta 0 100 1 %

The SOCI Delta parameter is active when the SOC_INT function is activated when OpConfig

[BATLOWEN] is cleared. In this case, the GPOUT pin generates interrupts with ~1-ms pulse width under

various conditions as described in Table 2-1.

7.4.2.3.10 Taper Rate, Taper Voltage

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Taper Rate 0 2000 100 0.1 h

21 I2 rate

State 82

29 I2 Taper Voltage 0 5000 4100 mV

Taper Rate is used in the Primary Charge Termination Algorithm. AverageCurrent() is integrated over

each of the two 40-second periods separately and averaged separately to determine two averages

(IRateAvg1, IRateAvg2).

The Taper Voltage threshold defines the minimum voltage necessary as a qualifier for detection of charge

termination.

Three requirements must be met to qualify for Primary Charge Termination:

• During two consecutive periods of 40 seconds:

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IRateAvg1 < Taper Rate and IRateAvg2 < Taper Rate

• During the same periods: Accumulated change in capacity per 40-second period

•Voltage() >Taper Voltage

When the Primary Charge Termination conditions are met, the Flags() [FC] bit is set and [CHG] bit is

cleared. Also, if the OpConfig [RMFCC] bit is set, then RemainingCapacity() is set equal to

FullChargeCapacity().

7.4.2.3.11 Sleep Current

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 23 I2 Sleep Current 0 1000 10 mA

When AverageCurrent() is less than Sleep Current or greater than (–)Sleep Current, the gauge enters

SLEEP mode if the feature is enabled by setting the OpConfig [SLEEP] bit.

This setting should be below any normal application currents.

7.4.2.3.12 Voltage at Charge Termination

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 33 I2 V at Chg Term 0 5000 4190 mV

V at Chg Term should be initialized to the typical charging voltage of the system. Typically, if using the

default battery profile (CHEM_ID = 0x1202), the charging voltage will be 4200 mV and the default value of

V at Chg Term can be used. If using ALT_CHEM1 (CHEM_ID = 0x1210) then V at Chg Term could be

initialized to 4300 mV. If using ALT_CHEM2 (CHEM_ID = 0x354), V at Chg Term could be initialized to

4350 mV.

V at Chg Term will automatically be updated and learned by the gauge during system operation whenever

charge termination is detected. It represents the full charge point for a given system which can vary from

charger to charger and also depends on temperature and other factors.

7.4.2.3.13 Average Current Last Run

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Avg I Last Run –32768 –1 –50 0.1 h

State 82 25 I2 rate

The gauge logs the current averaged from the beginning to the end of each discharge period. It stores this

average current from the previous discharge in this register. This register can be initialized to a typical

system current load. It is updated by the gauge after a discharge lasts for at least 500 seconds and stops.

The default represents a C/5 load. It should always be a negative value. This register should never be

modified; it is only updated by the fuel gauge when the gauge exits DISCHARGE mode.

7.4.2.3.14 Average Power Last Run

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Avg P Last Run –32768 –1 –50 0.1 h

State 82 27 I2 rate

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The gauge logs the power averaged from the beginning to the end of each discharge period. It stores this

average power from the previous discharge in this register. To get a correct average power reading the

gauge continuously multiplies current times voltage to get power. It then logs this data to derive the

average power. This register can be initialized to a typical system power load. It is updated by the gauge

after a discharge lasts for at least 500 seconds and stops. The default represents a C/5 load. It should

always be a negative value. This register should never be modified; it is only updated by the fuel gauge

when the gauge exits DISCHARGE mode.

7.4.2.3.15 Delta Voltage

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 29 I2 Delta Voltage 0 1000 1 mV

The gauge stores the maximum difference of Voltage during short load spikes and normal load, so the

Impedance Track algorithm can calculate RemainingCapacity() for pulsed loads. It is added to Terminate

Voltage for Impedance Track simulations.

This value will never update to a value less than Min Delta Voltage or greater than Max Delta Voltage. If

Min Delta Voltage is set to a value above zero, then Delta Voltage should also be initialized to at least

the same value as Min Delta Voltage.

7.4.3 Ra Table Class

7.4.3.1 R_a RAM Subclass

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Name Type Unit

ID Min Max Default

0 R_a0 0 I2 0 32767 102 Num

2 R_a0 1 I2 0 32767 102 Num

4 R_a0 2 I2 0 32767 99 Num

6 R_a0 3 I2 0 32767 107 Num

8 R_a0 4 I2 0 32767 72 Num

10 R_a0 5 I2 0 32767 59 Num

12 R_a0 6 I2 0 32767 62 Num

R_a RAM 89 14 R_a0 7 I2 0 32767 63 Num

16 R_a0 8 I2 0 32767 53 Num

18 R_a0 9 I2 0 32767 47 Num

20 R_a0 10 I2 0 32767 60 Num

22 R_a0 11 I2 0 32767 70 Num

24 R_a0 12 I2 0 32767 140 Num

26 R_a0 13 I2 0 32767 369 Num

28 R_a0 14 I2 0 32767 588 Num

The Ra Table class has 15 values. The R_a RAM is initialized from ROM upon gauge reset. Each of these

values represents a resistance value normalized at 25°C for the associated Qmax Cell 0-based SOC grid

point as found by the following rules:

For Cell0 Ra M where:

• If 0 ≤M≤7: The data is the resistance normalized at 25° and scaled by Design Capacity for:

SOC = 100% – (M × 11.1%)

• If 8 ≤M≤14: The data is the resistance normalized at 25° and scaled by Design Capacity for:

SOC = 100% – [77.7% + (M – 7) × 3.3%]

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This gives a profile of resistance throughout the entire SOC profile of the battery cells concentrating more

on the values closer to 0%.

Normal Setting:

These resistance profiles are used by the gauge for the Impedance Track algorithm. The only reason

this data is displayed and accessible is to give the user the ability to update the resistance data on

golden image files. This resistance profile description is for information purposes only. It is not intended

to give a detailed functional description for the gauge resistance algorithms. It is important to note that

this data is in mΩand is normalized to 25°C and scaled by Design Capacity. The following are useful

observations to note with this data throughout the application development cycle:

• Watch for negative values in the Ra Table class. Negative numbers in profiles should never be

anywhere in this class.

• Watch for smooth consistent transitions from one profile grid point value to the next throughout

each profile. As the gauge does resistance profile updates, these values should be roughly

consistent from one learned update to another without huge jumps in consecutive grid points.

7.4.4 Chemistry Class

7.4.4.1 Chem Data Subclass

7.4.4.1.1 Q Invalid Max V and Q Invalid Min V

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

2 I2 Q Invalid MaxV 0 32767 3803 mV

State 82 4 I2 Q Invalid MinV 0 32767 3752 mV

Q Invalid Max V and Q Invalid Min V specify the Qmax disqualification voltage region generally known as

the flat region of the OCV versus DOD curve. OCV measurement for Qmax calculation is disallowed in

this region.

7.4.4.1.2 V at Chg Term

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 6 I2 V at Chg Term 0 5000 4190 mV

V at Chg Term should be initialized to the typical charging voltage of the system. Typically, if using the

default battery profile (CHEM_ID = 0x1202), the charging voltage will be 4200 mV and the default value of

V at Chg Term can be used. If using ALT_CHEM1 (CHEM_ID = 0x1210) then V at Chg Term could be

initialized to 4300 mV. If using ALT_CHEM2 (CHEM_ID = 0x354), V at Chg Term could be initialized to

4350 mV.

V at Chg Term will automatically be updated and learned by the gauge during system operation whenever

charge termination is detected. It represents the full charge point for a given system which can vary from

charger to charger and also depends on temperature and other factors.

7.4.4.1.3 Taper Voltage

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

State 82 8 I2 Taper Voltage 0 5000 4100 mV

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The Taper Voltage threshold defines the minimum voltage necessary as a qualifier for detection of charge

termination.

7.4.5 Calibration Class

7.4.5.1 Data Subclass

7.4.5.1.1 Board Offset

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Data 104 0 I1 Board Offset –128 127 0 Counts

Board Offset is the second offset register. It calibrates all that the CC Offset does not calibrate out. This

includes board layout, sense resistor, and copper trace, and other potential offsets that are external to the

fuel gauge. The simplified ground circuit design in the fuel gauge requires a separate board offset for each

tested device.

7.4.5.1.2 Internal Temperature Offset and External Temperature Offset

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Data 104 1 I1 Int Temp Offset –128 127 0 0.1°C

Data 104 2 I1 Ext Temp Offset –128 127 0 0.1°C

The gauge has a temperature sensor built into the fuel gauge. The Int Temp Offset are used for

calibrating offset errors in the measurement of the reported Temperature() if a known temperature offset

exists between the fuel gauge and the battery cell. The gain of the internal temperature sensor is accurate

enough that a calibration for gain is not required.

Ext Temp Offset is for calibrating the offset of the thermistor connected to the BIN pin of the fuel gauge.

7.4.5.1.3 Pack Voltage Offset

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Data 104 3 I1 Pack V Offset –128 127 0 mV

This is the offset to calibrate the gauge analog-to-digital converter for cell voltage measurement.

Pack V Offset should not require modification by the user. It is modified by the Voltage Calibration

function from CALIBRATION mode.

7.4.5.1.4 Ext a Coef and Ext b Coef

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Data 104 4 I2 Ext a Coef 1 –32768 32767 –11130 Num

Data 104 6 I2 Ext a Coef 2 –32768 32767 19142 Num

Data 104 8 I2 Ext a Coef 3 –32768 32767 –19262 Num

Data 104 10 I2 Ext a Coef 4 –32768 32767 28203 Num

Data 104 12 I2 Ext a Coef 5 –32768 32767 892 Num

Data 104 14 I2 Ext b Coef 1 –32768 32767 328 Num

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Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Data 104 16 I2 Ext b Coef 2 –32768 32767 –605 Num

Data 104 18 I2 Ext b Coef 3 –32768 32767 –2443 Num

Data 104 20 I2 Ext b Coef 4 –32768 32767 4696 Num

Ext a Coef and Ext b Coef are the thermistor temperature linearization polynomial coefficients. The

default values have been computed with a Semitec 103AT thermistor. If a different type of thermistor is

used, then the coefficients will need to be changed. Contact TI to generate coefficients for a different

thermistor.

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7.4.5.2 CC Cal Subclass

7.4.5.2.1 Coulomb Counter Sense Resistor (CC) Offset, Gain, Delta

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

0 I2 CC Offset –32768 32767 0 Counts

CC Cal 105 4 F4 CC Gain 1.00E–01 4.00E+01 0.238 Num

8 F4 CC Delta 3.00E+04 3.00E+06 799341.14 Num

CC Offset,CC Gain, and CC Delta are internal calibration parameters that require no customer changes

and are provided for debug purposes only.

Two offsets are used for calibrating the offset of the internal coulomb counter, board layout, sense

resistor, copper traces, and other offsets from the coulomb counter readings. CC Offset is the calibration

value that primarily corrects for the offset error of the fuel gauge coulomb counter circuitry. The other

offset calibration is Board Offset and is described separately. CC Offset is a correction for small noise or

errors; therefore, to maximize accuracy, it takes about 16 seconds to calibrate the offset. Because it is

impractical to do 16-second offset during IC production, the fuel gauge will periodically perform a CC

Offset automatic calibration in SLEEP mode. During the automatic calibration, the fuel gauge will set the

CONTROL_STATUS [CCA] bit.

CC Gain is the gain factor for calibrating sense resistor, trace, and internal coulomb counter errors. It is

used in the algorithm that reports AverageCurrent().CC Delta is a fixed constant based on CC Gain used

to cancel out the time base error.

7.4.5.2.2 CC Cal Temp

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

CC Cal 105 2 I2 CC Cal Temp 0 32767 2982 0.1°K

CC Cal Temp is the temperature at the time of current calibration. It is also used for RDL temperature

compensation.

7.4.5.3 Current Subclass

7.4.5.3.1 Deadband

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

Current 107 1 U1 Deadband 0 255 5 mA

The Deadband creates a filter window to the reported AverageCurrent() register where the current is

reported as 0. Any negative current above this value or any positive current below this value is displayed

as 0.

Only a few reasons may require changing the default value:

1. If the PCB layout has issues that cause inconsistent board offsets from board to board.

2. An extra noisy environment

3. If the fuel gauge is not calibrated.

4. Board Offset has not been characterized.

56 Data Memory SLUUBB0–December 2015

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Data Memory Parameter Descriptions

7.4.6 Security Class

7.4.6.1 Codes Subclass

7.4.6.1.1 Sealed to Unsealed

Value

Subclass

Subclass Offset Type Name Unit

ID Min Max Default

FFFF

Codes 112 0 H4 Sealed to Unsealed 10001 8000 8000 Hex

FFFF

The fuel gauge implements a key-access scheme to transition from SEALED to UNSEALED mode. Once

SEALED via the associated subcommand, a unique set of two keys must be sent to the fuel gauge via the

Control() command to return to UNSEALED mode. The keys must be sent consecutively, with no other

data being written to the Control() register in between.

When in the SEALED mode, the CONTROL_STATUS [SS] bit is set; but after the Sealed to Unsealed

keys are correctly received by the fuel gauge, the [SS] bit is cleared. The Sealed to Unsealed key has

two identical words stored in ROM with a value of 0x8000 8000. Then, Control() should supply 0x8000

and 0x8000 (again) to unseal the part.

After the fuel gauge exits CONFIG UPDATE mode, the fuel gauge will check bit 7 (0x80) in the Update

Status register. If bit 7 (0x80) is set, the fuel gauge will be placed into the SEALED state. If the fuel gauge

is placed into SEALED mode on the exit of CONFIG UPDATE mode, the fuel gauge will not be allowed to

go to the UNSEALED state for 4 seconds upon exiting CONFIG UPDATE mode. Any subcommand

greater than 0x001A will restart the 4-second timer.

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Data Memory Parameter Descriptions

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58 Data Memory SLUUBB0–December 2015

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Appendix A

SLUUBB0–December 2015

Updating bq27426 Configuration Parameters

The bq27426 gas gauge has RAM-based data memory parameters that can be updated if needed by the

host processor. This prevents external communication access to the gas gauge to allow updating with

external tools. It may be useful that the application system main processor perform the actual firmware

updating, rather than having an external tool do it. This appendix provides all the information necessary to

implement a system firmware that sends the required I2C commands to update the RAM-based

parameters in the bq27426 device.

NOTE: Sample C code, which can interact with the gauge (read/write registers and commands) as

well as configure the gauge, can be found here:

http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/Linux/Android_Software_Solutions_for_TI_Single-

cell_Gas_Gauges.

The bqTool utility enables configuration of the fuel gauge by using either the FlashStream method (parsing

a gm.fs file) or by using a gg.csv file, which includes the parameter locations.

A.1 Gauge Mode FlashStream (gm.fs) Files

With the Battery Management Studio (bqStudio) software, users can generate specific instruction files

called gm.fs files, which contain the necessary I2C commands that a host can send to the bq27426 device

to program the RAM-based data memory parameters. The commands in these files are largely ROM

commands that can be used only when the gauge is in CONFIG_UPDATE mode.

The gm.fs file is an ASCII text file that contains commands and data. Each line of the file represents one

command and potentially 96 bytes of data, as described in the following text. No row contains more than

96 data bytes. The first two characters of each row represent the command, followed by a ":

"W:" — Indicates that the row is a command to write one or more bytes of data.

"C:" — Indicates that the row is a command to read and compare one or more bytes of data.

"X:" — Indicates that the row is a command to wait a given number of milliseconds before proceeding.

SLUUBB0–December 2015 Updating bq27426 Configuration Parameters

l TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 1 2 2 vv=niy mum-w nun-n Version 7 3 4 = a 7 2 1r: 1) 12 :3 oz on 14 oz 26 on no :2 no on no no on on on no no on an no no on on on no no on an no no no on on no no :5 A5 15 mo 17 An 3: n2 on :2 an 61) n5 :9 an a: 24 on 2: AA 40 on :9 2n 5: 5: :2 52 no 32 on on an no no on on no no on on an no no on on no no on on an no no 2; H: An so as 22 x: zoo 21 u: u u: :1 on 24 c: u so as 25 n a: 30 on 26 an 40 o: n 17D 2? an on on no no on on on no no on on on no on on on no no on on on no on on on no no 27 AA 611 no 22 2an 29 an 3: an an 3: an so An 3) AA 3: a; on 32 An no on a! n2 ns 32 on on no no on on an no no on on nn no on on an no no on on nn no on on an no no 33 n so no ' Mom-1mm. Ingmams Insdll ln:ll2 Ca. sumo max ANSlasIITFI us

Write Command

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White space is used to separate fields within the gm.fs files. Each row contains only one of the four

commands. The commands discussed in this section can be implemented by a system that can perform

multi-byte or single-byte operations for I2C.

Figure A-1 shows a typical gm.fs file snippet generated from the bqStudio software.

Figure A-1. Typical gm.fs File Snippet

A.2 Write Command

The write command "W:" instructs the I2C master to write one or more bytes to a given I2C address and

given register address. The I2C address format used throughout this document is based on an 8-bit

representation of the address. The format of this sequence is:

"W: I2CAddr RegAddr Byte0 Byte1 Byte2…"

For example, the following:

W: AA 55 AB CD EF 00

Indicates that the I2C master writes the byte sequence 0xAB 0xCD 0xEF 0x00 to register 0x55 of the

device addressed at 0xAA.

More precisely, it indicates to write the following data to the device address 0xAA:

0xAB to register 0x55

0xCD to register 0x56

0xEF to register 0x57

0x00 to register 0x58

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Read and Compare Command

A.3 Read and Compare Command

The read and compare command is formatted identically to the write command. The data presented with

this command matches the data read exactly, or the operation should cease with an error indication to the

user. The gm.fs file contains no information about program flow or decision making. If a read and compare

command results in data which does not match the expected values then the interpreting program needs

to handle the next step itself. It should not continue with further commands, but would typically go back to

the beginning of the gm.fs file and try again several times before giving up.

The format of this sequence is:

"C: i2cAddr RegAddr Byte0 Byte1 Byte2"

An example of this command is as follows:

C: AA 55 AB CD EF 00

This example expects the master to read back 4 bytes from the register address 0x55 of the device

addressed at 0xAA and then compare the data to the values given on the line command in this same

order as 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF, and 0x00.

A.4 Wait Command

The wait command indicates that the host waits a minimum of the given number of milliseconds before

continuing to the next row of the FlashStream file. A wait command is typically used to allow the fuel

gauge processor to complete a process before proceeding to the next command in the file.

For example, the following:

X: 200

Indicates that the I2C master must wait at least 200 ms before continuing.

A.5 CONFIG UPDATE Mode

If the application requires different configuration data for the fuel gauge, the system processor can update

RAM-based data memory parameters using the Control()SET_CFGUPDATE subcommand to enter the

CONFIG UPDATE mode.

NOTE: To ensure that the gas gauge has entered CONFIG UPDATE mode correctly, there needs

to be at least an 1100-ms delay after sending the SET_CFGUPDATE. Operation in this

mode is indicated by the Flags()[CFGUPMODE] status bit.

In this mode, fuel gauging is suspended while the host uses the extended data commands to modify the

configuration data blocks. To resume fuel gauging, the host must send a Control()SOFT_RESET

subcommand to exit the CONFIG UPDATE mode, which clears both Flags()[ITPOR] and [CFGUPMODE]

bits. After a timeout of approximately 240 seconds (4 minutes), the gauge automatically exits the CONFIG

UPDATE mode if it has not received a SOFT_RESET subcommand from the host.

The memory of the bq27426 device is separated into memory subclasses defined in this document. The

memory cannot be directly addressed, but is updated through a sequence of extended commands that

can access each block of memory indirectly. The gm.fs file updates these blocks to write the proper

configuration so the bq27426 device can have proper gauging performance and match the system

characteristics. These updates are stored in RAM and need to be re-programmed any time the device

loses power. (The [ITPOR] bit in the Flags() register indicates that the RAM configuration has been reset

to the defaults, and is in need of updating using the gm.fs file.)

Figure A-2 shows the “Ra Tables” subclass in the bq27426 gauge (see also Table 7-2).

SLUUBB0–December 2015 Updating bq27426 Configuration Parameters

l TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 0 l2 Ra 0 0 32767 102 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 2 l2 Ra 1 0 32767 102 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 4 l2 Ra 2 0 32767 33 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 6 l2 Ra 3 0 32767 107 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 89 a 12 Ra 4 0 32767 72 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 69 10 I2 Ra 5 0 32767 53 Num Ra Tables Rao RAM 69 12 I2 Ra 6 0 32767 62 Num Ra Tables Rao RAM 69 14 I2 Ra 7 0 32767 63 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 69 16 I2 Ra a 0 32767 53 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 69 1s 12 Ra 9 0 32767 47 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 69 20 I2 Ra 10 0 32767 60 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 39 22 I2 Ra 11 0 32767 70 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 63 24 I2 Ra 12 0 32767 140 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 09 26 I2 Ra 13 0 32767 369 Num Ra Tables Ra0 RAM 09 20 l2 Ra 14 0 32767 500 Num

CONFIG UPDATE Mode

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Figure A-2. Ra Tables Subclass

The subclass ID is defined by the decimal number 89, which is hexadecimal 0x59. To program this

subclass ID, send the following sequence to the bq27426 after entering CONFIG UPDATE mode.

Commands Description

Write to I2C address AA, register 3E, the bytes 0x59 and 0x00. That is,

1 W: AA 3E 59 00 0x59 is written to 0x3E and 0x00 is written to address 0x3F. This is to

setup the subclass ID for writes.

After setting up the subclass ID, delay for the bq27426 to set up the

2 X: Delay (5 ms) block data to write all the 32 bytes. Wait a minimum of 5 ms after

sending the command in (1).

W: AA 40 00 0B 00 0B 00 0D 00 11 00 0E 00 Send 32 bytes (1 block) of data to address 0x40. This is the actual data

3 0C 00 0E 00 0C 00 0C 00 0D 00 0F 00 0F 00 for the gas gauge data memory area.

17 00 2B 00 4B 00 00

4 W: AA 60 “checksum” Write the checksum into register 0x60

5 X: Delay (5 ms) Need a delay after checksum operation of 5 ms

6 W: AA 3E 59 00 Write the block address for checksum computation

7 X: Delay (5 ms) Need a delay for checksum operation of 5 ms

The checksum is computed and read from location 0x60 to compare

8 C: AA 60 D3 the checksum to the checksum the gas gauge computed.

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Revision History

NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.

Date Version Notes

December 2015 * Initial Release

SLUUBB0–December 2015 Revision History

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