正如前文单板系统设计原理图所示，本方案通过 LTC4416 实现双路电源输入。LTC4416 可在两路电源之间实现无间断切换，同时压降极低，以此降低功率损耗。该芯片通过控制外部 P 沟道 MOS 管，使其等效为理想二极管，大幅降低导通损耗，从而提升系统整体效率与可靠性。
系统工作逻辑：当主电源电压高于设定阈值时，优先选择主电源供电；当主输入电压降至故障阈值以下时，控制器自动无缝切换至备用电源。
LTC4416 可根据引脚 E1、E2 的配置，工作在6 种不同模式，每种模式对应不同的双路电源选择逻辑。本设计采用 V1 优先于 V2 模式：E1 配置为 “检测（Sense）” 模式，E2 接地。该模式下芯片始终优先选用 V1 输入。
- V1：主电源，输入电压范围 15 V～35 V
- V2：太阳能板备用电源，输入电压范围 3.6 V～15 V
当 V1 电压≥15 V 时，LTC4416 选择 V1 为主电源，关断 V2 通路；当 V1 电压跌落至 13.4 V 时，系统自动切换至 V2，只要太阳能板电压在 3.6 V～15 V 有效区间内，便由其作为主电源供电，直至 V1 电压恢复。系统切回 V1 的恢复阈值为 15 V。
可通过修改电阻 R1、R2、R3 的阻值，结合数据手册公式，自定义电源故障切换与恢复的电压阈值。
系统选定 V1 为主电源后，V2 作为备用电源。芯片始终选择有效电压更高的一路供电；若 V2 电压持续高于 V1，则不会自动切回 V1。
图 3 为经过实测验证的完整单板方案。
该电路板通过 V1、V2 两路电源输入，实现电池充电与负载供电。主电源故障时，光照充足的情况下由太阳能板接管，在为负载供电的同时给电池充电；夜间或光照不足、太阳能板电压下降时，系统自动检测并切换至电池供电，保障负载持续工作。
相关型号
| DigiKey 型号 | 原厂型号 |
|---|---|
| 505-LTC3115EDHD-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115EDHD-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115EDHD-1#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC3115EDHD-1#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC3115EDHD-1#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC3115EDHD-1#TRPBF |
| LTC3115EFE-1#TRPBFTR-ND,LTC3115EFE-1#TRPBFCT-ND,LTC3115EFE-1#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC3115EFE-1#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC3115EFE-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115EFE-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115IDHD-1#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC3115IDHD-1#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC3115IDHD-1#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC3115IDHD-1#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC3115IDHD-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115IDHD-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115IFE-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115IFE-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115EDHD-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115EDHD-2#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115EFE-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115EFE-2#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115IFE-1#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC3115IFE-1#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC3115IFE-1#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC3115IFE-1#TRPBF |
| LTC3115IFE-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115IFE-2#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115HFE-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115HFE-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115IDHD-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115IDHD-2#PBF |
| 161-LTC3115MPFE-1#PBF-ND | LTC3115MPFE-1#PBF |
| LTC3115MPFE-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115MPFE-2#PBF |
| 505-LTC3115EDHD-2#TRPBFTR-ND | LTC3115EDHD-2#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC3115HFE-2#PBF-ND | LTC3115HFE-2#PBF |
| 161-LTC3115IDHD-1#WPBF-ND | LTC3115IDHD-1#WPBF |
| 505-LTC3115EFE-2#TRPBFTR-ND | LTC3115EFE-2#TRPBF |
| 161-LTC3115IDHD-1#WTRPBFTR-ND | LTC3115IDHD-1#WTRPBF |
| LTC3115IFE-2#TRPBF-ND | LTC3115IFE-2#TRPBF |
| LTC3115HFE-1#TRPBF-ND | LTC3115HFE-1#TRPBF |
| LTC3115HFE-2#TRPBF-ND | LTC3115HFE-2#TRPBF |
| LTC3115IDHD-2#TRPBF-ND | LTC3115IDHD-2#TRPBF |
| LTC3115MPFE-1#TRPBF-ND | LTC3115MPFE-1#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-LAD#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-LAD#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-LAD#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4162EUFD-LAD#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-FAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-LAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-LAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-L42#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-L42#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-L42#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L42#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-SAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-SADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SADM#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-LADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-LADM#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-FAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-SADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SADM#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-LAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-LAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-L42#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L42#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-L42M#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L42M#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-L41#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L41#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SSTM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SSTM#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FADM#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SSTM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SSTM#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L40#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L40#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L40M#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L40M#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FFSM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FFSM#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L41M#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L41M#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-FSTM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FSTM#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FST#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FST#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FFS#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FFS#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SST#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SST#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-L42#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L42#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L40#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L40#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L40M#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L40M#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FFSM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FFSM#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L41M#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L41M#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-L41#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L41#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FSTM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FSTM#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-L42M#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L42M#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FFS#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FFS#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-LAD#TRPBFTR-ND | LTC4162IUFD-LAD#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4162EUFD-FADM#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-FADM#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC4162EUFD-FADM#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FADM#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-SAD#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SAD#PBF |
| 505-LTC4162IUFD-LADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-LADM#PBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FST#PBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FST#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FADM#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FADM#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SST#PBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SST#PBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FAD#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FAD#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FFS#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FFS#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FFSM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FFSM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FST#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FST#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-FSTM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-FSTM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L40#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L40#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L40M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L40M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L41#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L41#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L41M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L41M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-L42M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-L42M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-LADM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-LADM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SAD#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SAD#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SADM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SADM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SST#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SST#TRPBF |
| LTC4162EUFD-SSTM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162EUFD-SSTM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FAD#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FAD#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FADM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FADM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FFS#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FFS#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FFSM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FFSM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FST#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FST#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-FSTM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-FSTM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L40#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L40#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L40M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L40M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L41#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L41#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L41M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L41M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L42#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L42#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-L42M#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-L42M#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-LADM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-LADM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SAD#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SAD#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SADM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SADM#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SST#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SST#TRPBF |
| LTC4162IUFD-SSTM#TRPBF-ND | LTC4162IUFD-SSTM#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4416EMS-1#PBF-ND | LTC4416EMS-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC4416EMS#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC4416EMS#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC4416EMS#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4416EMS#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4416EMS#PBF-ND | LTC4416EMS#PBF |
| 505-LTC4416IMS#PBF-ND | LTC4416IMS#PBF |
| 505-LTC4416IMS-1#PBF-ND | LTC4416IMS-1#PBF |
| 505-LTC4416IMS#TRPBFTR-ND,505-LTC4416IMS#TRPBFCT-ND,505-LTC4416IMS#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4416IMS#TRPBF |
| LTC4416EMS-1#TRPBFTR-ND,LTC4416EMS-1#TRPBFCT-ND,LTC4416EMS-1#TRPBFDKR-ND | LTC4416EMS-1#TRPBF |
| 505-LTC4416IMS-1#TRPBFTR-ND | LTC4416IMS-1#TRPBF |
| 161-LTC4416IMS-1-ND | LTC4416IMS-1 |
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