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For wide dynamic range RF applications, variable gain is needed on both the receiver and the transmitter. On the Tx side, variable gain is used to control cell size and also to allow factory calibration of power amplifiers. On the Rx side, the last stage in the signal chain is most often an ADC. To use an ADC optimally, the signal strength at the ADC input is usually just a few dB below the maximum peak-to-peak input. In other words, the signal strength at the ADC input should be as high as possible, but not high enough to clip the ADC. As can be seen on this slide, if the topology is a variable attenuator and a fixed gain amp, these must be arranged differently for RX and Tx. 

PTM Published on: 2016-10-05